Purpose

The promotion of research-based entrepreneurship is considered a crucial task for universities and policymakers in many Western countries. Research has shown that the university environment plays a decisive role in the spin-off activities of researchers. Although the number of science-based spin-offs has increased in recent years, women are still an exception when it comes to developing spin-off ventures. In turn, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the university environment that supports entrepreneurship from a gender perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the theoretical framework of the “Entrepreneurial University,” this contribution examines the formal and informal conditions for academic entrepreneurship using the example of Swiss universities of applied sciences (UAS). Based on a cross-sectional dataset of 1,551 researchers from various disciplines who were surveyed in 2019, linear regressions and logistic regression models were used to test gender-specific differences in the perception of organizational conditions concerning the entrepreneurial exploitation of research.

Findings

The results demonstrated significant differences in the perception of formal and informal conditions in higher education. First, they show gender differences in the perception of informal entrepreneurial support in universities; in particular, female researchers received less informal support for spin-off projects. For example, women hardly viewed commercial use of research and development knowledge as a career option and considered the existence of entrepreneurial role models at universities to be low. Second, further analyses highlighted that also formal support offerings were less known among female researchers.

Originality/value

The study highlights organizational barriers for female researchers regarding the development of spin-off creation at UAS, including the different formal and informal conditions for female academics in comparison to their male counterparts.

中文翻译：

---

瑞士应用科学大学衍生产品的条件——一种性别敏感的方法

目的

在许多西方国家，促进研究型创业被认为是大学和政策制定者的一项重要任务。研究表明，大学环境在研究人员的衍生活动中起着决定性的作用。尽管近年来以科学为基础的衍生企业数量有所增加，但在发展衍生企业方面，女性仍然是个例外。反过来，也缺乏从性别角度支持创业的大学环境方面的知识。

设计/方法/方法

本文以“创业大学”的理论框架为基础，以瑞士应用科学大学 (UAS) 为例，研究了学术创业的正式和非正式条件。基于 2019 年接受调查的来自不同学科的 1,551 名研究人员的横断面数据集，使用线性回归和逻辑回归模型来测试关于研究的创业开发的组织条件感知的性别差异。

发现

结果表明，人们对高等教育中正式和非正式条件的看法存在显着差异。首先，他们在对大学非正式创业支持的看法上表现出性别差异；特别是，女性研究人员在衍生项目中获得的非正式支持较少。例如，女性几乎不将研究和开发知识的商业用途视为一种职业选择，并且认为大学中创业榜样的存在程度很低。其次，进一步的分析强调，女性研究人员也不太了解正式的支持服务。

原创性/价值

该研究强调了女性研究人员在 UAS 的衍生创作发展方面的组织障碍，包括与男性同行相比，女性学者的正式和非正式条件不同。