This study uses a citizens’ awareness survey to gauge the impact of crime prevention initiatives based on big data. Crime prevention activities using large datasets inevitably involve reasonable concerns over: (a) the excessive concentration of information power to law enforcement agencies and (b) possible privacy violations by the state. This study explores the trends in this area through the application of the police legitimacy theory. It aims to gather insights into the use of big data to strengthen preventive responses to crimes by law enforcement agencies while also considering the citizens initiatives based on big data abuses. The survey conducted by the Korean Institute of Criminology in August 2015 was used for analysis through structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that, among important factors in police legitimacy theory, three primary items drew support for crime prevention activities based on big data: “distributive fairness,” “lawfulness,” and “effectiveness.” These overshadowed the “procedural fairness” variable, which has been emphasized in previous police legitimacy studies. This suggests that the law enforcement agencies should focus on the promulgation of the following: (1) big data as an aid to guaranteeing citizens’ rights in civil society, rather than the unilateral strengthening of national power, and (2) the effective and lawful use of big data as a method of stabilizing citizens’ personal security.

本研究使用公民意识调查来衡量基于大数据的犯罪预防举措的影响。使用大型数据集的犯罪预防活动不可避免地涉及对以下方面的合理担忧：(a) 信息权力过度集中到执法机构和 (b) 国家可能侵犯隐私。本研究通过应用警察合法性理论来探讨这一领域的趋势。它旨在收集有关使用大数据的见解，以加强执法机构对犯罪的预防反应，同时还考虑基于大数据滥用的公民举措。韩国犯罪学研究所于 2015 年 8 月进行的调查用于通过结构方程模型 (SEM) 进行分析。结果表明，在警察合法性理论的重要因素中，“分配公平”、“合法性”和“有效性”三个主要项目为基于大数据的预防犯罪活动提供支持。这些使“程序公平”变量黯然失色，这一变量在之前的警察合法性研究中得到了强调。这表明执法部门应重点出台以下几点：（1）大数据作为公民社会保障公民权利的辅助手段，而不是单方面加强国力；（2）有效、合法利用大数据作为稳定公民人身安全的手段。这在以前的警察合法性研究中得到了强调。这表明执法部门应重点出台以下几点：（1）大数据作为公民社会保障公民权利的辅助手段，而不是单方面加强国力；（2）有效、合法使用大数据作为一种稳定公民人身安全的方法。这在以前的警察合法性研究中得到了强调。这表明执法部门应重点出台以下几点：（1）大数据作为公民社会保障公民权利的辅助手段，而不是单方面加强国力；（2）有效、合法利用大数据作为稳定公民人身安全的手段。