Developing an anode material with high-rate Li⁺ intercalation and stable charge/discharge platform is important for achieving high performance lithium ion capacitors (LICs). Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-encapsulated MnO microspheres (∼2 μm) are obtained by a simple process including solvothermal and calcination techniques. The material contains a large number of mesopores (∼2.8 nm diameter). The MnO/rGO has a favorable cycling stability (846 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ after 110 cycles) and an outstanding rate performance (207 mAh g⁻¹ at 6.4 A g⁻¹). Kinetic analysis reveals that a pseudocapacitive contribution plays a dominant role for the energy storage. The improvement in the pseudocapacitive behavior is ascribed to the fact that the uniform rGO coating on the MnO provides continuous pathways for electron transport, and the mesoporous structure provides numerous migration paths for Li-ions. Furthermore, MnO/rGO//activated carbon (AC) LICs have a high energy density of 98 Wh kg⁻¹ at a relatively high power density of 10,350 W kg⁻¹, and have a capacity retention of 71% after 5000 cycles at 1.6 A g⁻¹. These outstanding results indicate that the enhanced Li⁺ intercalation of the anode offsets the kinetic imbalance between the two electrodes.

开发具有高倍率 Li ⁺嵌入和稳定充电/放电平台的负极材料对于实现高性能锂离子电容器 (LIC) 非常重要。还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 封装的 MnO 微球 (~2 μm) 是通过简单的工艺获得的，包括溶剂热和煅烧技术。该材料包含大量介孔（直径约 2.8 nm）。在MNO / RGO具有有利的循环稳定性（846毫安克^-1在0.1 A克^-1 110次循环后）和出色的倍率性能（207毫安克^-1在6.4克^-1）。动力学分析表明，赝电容贡献对能量存储起着主导作用。赝电容行为的改善归因于以下事实：MnO 上均匀的 rGO 涂层为电子传输提供了连续的路径，而介孔结构为锂离子提供了许多迁移路径。此外，MnO/rGO//活性炭（AC）LICs在10,350 W kg ^-1的相对高功率密度下具有98 Wh kg ^-1的高能量密度，并且在1.6 5000次循环后具有71％的容量保持率A g ^-1。这些杰出的结果表明阳极的增强的 Li ⁺嵌入抵消了两个电极之间的动力学不平衡。