The loss of resource-rich non-crop habitat is a hypothesized driver of arthropod decline on farms, implying recovery with restoration. Alternatively, chronic arthropod loss may limit colonization to abundant taxa, especially crop pests. Here, we test the impact of restoring marginal farmland on agriculturally important arthropods on 13 conventional farms across a 10,000 km² region of central North America with approximately 92% crop cover. We examined local richness by habitat (crops, restored prairie, remnant forest), spatial turnover among habitat and farms, and regional comparisons between farm and non-farms using iNaturalist data. Sampling approximately 13,000 individuals identified to family or lower, restored prairie had twice the abundance of arthropods compared to crop and forest, with 44% of all families detected, 66% of beneficial families, and 94 unique taxa despite their recent construction (<10 years) and small size (~9.6% of farm area). There was some compositional overlap between crop and prairie, while farm forest had mostly unique taxa. Larger restored areas supported more diverse and taxonomically uniform arthropod assemblages, while crop fields were family-depauperate with primarily herbivorous taxa. Unexpectedly, the abundance and richness of arthropods between farms with restored habitat and non-farm areas regionally were similar, although farms possessed more herbivorous species and fewer butterflies and aquatics. The extensive and rapid colonization of restored habitat by beneficial arthropods implies that conventional farms may be habitat limited for many taxa. Our work supports calls for farm redesign that includes habitat reconstruction, which can support arthropods with known benefits to food production.

中文翻译：

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恢复的边际农田有利于多尺度的节肢动物多样性

资源丰富的非作物栖息地的丧失是农场节肢动物减少的假设驱动因素，这意味着恢复与恢复。或者，慢性节肢动物的丧失可能会将定殖限制在丰富的分类群中，尤其是农作物害虫。^{在这里，我们在 10,000 公里2}的 13 个常规农场测试了恢复边缘农田对重要农业节肢动物的影响。北美中部地区，作物覆盖率约为 92%。我们使用 iNaturalist 数据检查了栖息地（作物、恢复的草原、残余森林）、栖息地和农场之间的空间周转以及农场和非农场之间的区域比较的当地丰富程度。对大约 13,000 名家庭或以下个体进行抽样后，恢复的草原的节肢动物丰度是农作物和森林的两倍，尽管最近建立了 44% 的家庭，66% 的有益家庭和 94 个独特的分类群（<10 年） ) 和小规模（约 9.6% 的农场面积）。作物和草原之间存在一些成分重叠，而农林大多具有独特的分类群。更大的恢复区域支持更多样化和分类统一的节肢动物群落，而农田是家庭贫困的，主要是食草类群。出乎意料的是，栖息地恢复的农场和非农场地区之间节肢动物的丰度和丰富程度相似，尽管农场拥有更多的草食性物种，而蝴蝶和水生动物则更少。有益节肢动物对已恢复栖息地的广泛而迅速的定殖意味着传统农场可能对许多分类群来说是有限的栖息地。我们的工作支持重新设计农场的呼吁，包括重建栖息地，这可以支持节肢动物对粮食生产有已知的好处。有益节肢动物对已恢复栖息地的广泛而迅速的定殖意味着传统农场可能对许多分类群来说是有限的栖息地。我们的工作支持重新设计农场的呼吁，包括重建栖息地，这可以支持节肢动物对粮食生产有已知的好处。有益节肢动物对已恢复栖息地的广泛而迅速的定殖意味着传统农场可能对许多分类群来说是有限的栖息地。我们的工作支持重新设计农场的呼吁，包括重建栖息地，这可以支持节肢动物对粮食生产有已知的好处。