Single bouts of exercise have been observed to exhibit therapeutic benefits for reducing affective responses associated with anxiety. However, anxiety has also been found to relate to less efficient cognitive processing as well as a greater reliance on action monitoring processes. Given the extant body of evidence demonstrating that single bouts of exercise result in cognitive enhancements; the present investigation sought to determine the extent to which exercise might be effective at reducing these anxiety-related impairments in cognition. Using a randomized within-subjects crossover design in a sample of high-anxious and low-anxious college-aged adults, measures of inhibition, attention, and action monitoring were assessed before and after 20-min of either aerobic exercise or a cognitively engaging control condition during two separate, counterbalanced sessions. Findings from this investigation revealed that both high anxious and low anxious individuals exhibited enhancements in behavioral indices of performance on an inhibitory control task with faster and more accurate responses following 20 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise. Additionally, both high anxious and low anxious individuals demonstrated exercise induced enhancements in the allocation of attentional resources (as indexed by P3 amplitude) as well as action monitoring (as indexed by ERN amplitude). Accordingly, these findings provide evidence consistent with broad-base claims regarding the benefits of exercise, suggesting that both high and low anxious individuals appear to incur cognitive benefits.

已经观察到单次运动表现出减少与焦虑相关的情感反应的治疗益处。然而，还发现焦虑与认知处理效率较低以及对行动监控过程的更大依赖有关。鉴于现有证据表明单次运动会导致认知增强；目前的调查试图确定锻炼在减少这些与焦虑相关的认知障碍方面可能有效的程度。在高焦虑和低焦虑的大学生样本中使用随机的受试者内部交叉设计，在有氧运动或认知参与控制 20 分钟之前和之后评估抑制、注意力和行动监测的措施在两个单独的条件下，平衡会议。这项调查的结果表明，高焦虑和低焦虑的个体在进行 20 分钟中等强度有氧运动后，在抑制控制任务中表现出的行为指数都有所提高，反应更快、更准确。此外，高焦虑和低焦虑的个体都表现出运动诱导的注意力资源分配（由 P3 幅度索引）和动作监测（由 ERN 幅度索引）的增强。因此，这些发现提供的证据与关于运动益处的广泛主张一致，表明高焦虑和低焦虑的个体似乎都能带来认知益处。这项调查的结果表明，高焦虑和低焦虑的个体在进行 20 分钟中等强度有氧运动后，在抑制控制任务中表现出的行为指数都有所提高，反应更快、更准确。此外，高焦虑和低焦虑的个体都表现出运动诱导的注意力资源分配（由 P3 幅度索引）和动作监测（由 ERN 幅度索引）的增强。因此，这些发现提供的证据与关于运动益处的广泛主张一致，表明高焦虑和低焦虑的个体似乎都能带来认知益处。这项调查的结果表明，高焦虑和低焦虑的个体在进行 20 分钟中等强度有氧运动后，在抑制控制任务中表现出的行为指数都有所提高，反应更快、更准确。此外，高焦虑和低焦虑的个体都表现出运动诱导的注意力资源分配（由 P3 幅度索引）和动作监测（由 ERN 幅度索引）的增强。因此，这些发现提供的证据与关于运动益处的广泛主张一致，表明高焦虑和低焦虑的个体似乎都能带来认知益处。