ABSTRACT

Research Question

Resident support is critical for the successful hosting of major sport events and is closely linked to event impact perceptions. This study investigated determinants of support for a major sport event. The key independent variables were perceived event-related personal impacts and perceived event-related community impacts.

Research Methods

Residents (n = 603) of two potential Commonwealth Games host cities in New Zealand were asked about their support for the event. Event impact perceptions (costs and benefits) across personal and community dimensions were measured. The triple bottom line approach complements social exchange theory and social representations theory to underpin this study. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between impacts and event support. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between the levels of the event impacts (i.e. personal and community) and event support. Paired sample t-tests were used to explore difference between personal and community quality of life perceptions based on each of the event impacts.

Results and Findings

Overall, residents were supportive of bidding for the Commonwealth Games and various event impact perceptions are related. Based on Social Representations Theory, residents likely view the positive benefits of hosting a major event of this type as outweighing the negative. Several significant impacts emerged – both positive and negative. Positive impacts (pride) were perceived to have the greatest effect on event support, whereas each of the negative impact perceptions (opportunity cost, justice) were linked to decreased event support.

Implications

The results of this study provide important insights on community member perceptions of major sport events. The tendency of community members to focus on negatives could be counteracted with targeted communication strategies.

中文翻译：

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当地居民对举办大型体育赛事的支持：感知的个人和社区影响的作用

摘要

研究问题

居民支持对于大型体育赛事的成功举办至关重要，并且与赛事影响力感知密切相关。这项研究调查了支持大型体育赛事的决定因素。关键自变量是感知到的事件相关的个人影响和感知到的事件相关的社区影响。

研究方法

新西兰两个潜在的英联邦运动会主办城市的居民（n = 603）被问及他们对这项赛事的支持。测量了个人和社区层面的事件影响感知（成本和收益）。三重底线方法补充了社会交换理论和社会表征理论，以支持这项研究。使用多项逻辑回归分析影响与事件支持之间的关系。序数逻辑回归用于分析事件影响水平（即个人和社区）与事件支持之间的关系。配对样本t检验用于探索基于每个事件影响的个人和社区生活质量感知之间的差异。

结果和发现

总体而言，居民对申办英联邦运动会的支持程度与各种赛事影响认知相关。根据社会表征理论，居民可能认为举办此类重大活动的积极效益大于消极影响。出现了一些重大影响——既有积极的也有消极的。积极影响（自豪感）被认为对活动支持影响最大，而每种消极影响感知（机会成本、正义）都与活动支持的减少有关。

影响

这项研究的结果为社区成员对重大体育赛事的看法提供了重要的见解。社区成员关注负面因素的倾向可以通过有针对性的沟通策略来抵消。