Acankoreagenin (ACK, also known as acankoreanogenin and HLEDA) and impressic acid are two lupane-type triterpenes that can be isolated from various Acanthopanax and Schefflera species. They efficiently block activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and the release of proinflammatory cytokines and/or the action of inflammation mediators (HMGB1, iNOS, and NO). These effects are the basis for the antiviral and anticancer activities reported with these pentacyclic compounds or their various glycoside derivatives. More than 15 acankoreosides (Ack-A to -O, and -R) and a few other mono- and bidesmosidic saponins (acantrifoside A and acangraciliside S) derive from the ACK aglycone. Compounds like Ack-A and -B are remarkable anti-inflammatory agents, inhibiting cytokine release from activated macrophages. Despite their effectiveness, ACK and impressic acid are far much less known and studied than the structurally related compounds betulinic acid and 23-hydroxybetulinic acid (anemosapogenin). The structural differences (notably the R/S stereoisomerism of the 3-hydroxyl group) and functional similarities of these compounds are discussed. The complete series of acankoreosides is presented for the first time. These natural products deserve further attention as anti-inflammatory agents, and ACK is recommended as a template for the design of new anticancer and antiviral drugs.

中文翻译：

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Acankoreagenin 和 acankoreosides，一个具有抗炎特性的羽扇豆三萜类化合物：概述

Acankoreagenin (ACK, 也称为 acankoreanogenin 和 HLEDA) 和 impressic acid 是两种羽扇豆型三萜，可以从各种刺五加和鹅掌楸中分离出来物种。它们有效地阻断 NF-κB 信号通路的激活和促炎细胞因子的释放和/或炎症介质（HMGB1、iNOS 和 NO）的作用。这些作用是用这些五环化合物或其各种糖苷衍生物报道的抗病毒和抗癌活性的基础。超过 15 种 acankoreosides（Ack-A 到 -O 和 -R）和一些其他的单和双糖苷皂苷（acantrifoside A 和 acanraciliside S）源自 ACK 苷元。Ack-A 和 -B 等化合物是显着的抗炎剂，可抑制活化巨噬细胞释放细胞因子。尽管它们有效，但与结构相关的化合物桦木酸和 23-羟基桦木酸（花香皂苷）相比，ACK 和印象酸的了解和研究要少得多。3-羟基的R / S立体异构）和这些化合物的功能相似性进行了讨论。完整系列的 acankoreosides 首次亮相。这些天然产物作为抗炎剂值得进一步关注，推荐将 ACK 作为设计新抗癌和抗病毒药物的模板。