Microcapsule materials are a new type of composite fire-extinguishing material that show good effects in preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal. In this paper, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) was selected as the wall material, and hydrotalcite (LDHs) was selected as the core material. Microencapsulated LDHs samples with different core-to-wall ratios were prepared by melting dispersion and condensation. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC) and other experiments were used to characterize the surface morphology, dispersion, coating, pyrolysis and other characteristics of the microcapsules. On this basis, the microcapsules were mechanically mixed with a coal sample to prepare a chemically inhibited coal sample. Based on TG/DSC experiments, the effect of microcapsules with different core-to-wall ratios on the characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion was studied. Combined with thermokinetic parameters, the inhibition mechanism of the microcapsules with different core-to-wall ratios on coal spontaneous combustion was analyzed. The results showed that LDH-PEG6000 microcapsules were successfully prepared. The thermal reactivities and inhibition mechanism of microcapsules with different core-to-wall ratios were different, and the best effect was obtained when the core-to-wall ratio was 1:5. This microcapsule material can reduce the weight loss rate and heat release of coal, increase the critical temperature and maximum weight loss rate temperature by 8.8 °C and 33.6 °C, respectively, and increase the apparent activation energy of water evaporation and gas desorption stage by 13.42 kJ/mol and the thermal decomposition stage and combustion stage by 88.64 kJ/mol. Resistance microcapsules can effectively inhibit the coal spontaneous combustion reaction In addition, this research provides new ideas for solving the problem of coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf caused by the fully mechanized top coal caving technology and enriches the technical means of fire prevention.

微胶囊材料是一种新型复合灭火材料，在防止煤自燃方面表现出良好的效果。本文选用聚乙二醇6000（PEG6000）为壁材，水滑石（LDHs）为芯材。通过熔融分散和冷凝制备具有不同核壁比的微囊化LDHs样品。扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散光谱（SEM-EDS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、热重/差示扫描量热（TG/DSC）等实验对表面形貌、分散、涂层、热解等进行表征微胶囊的特性。以这个为基础，将微胶囊与煤样机械混合以制备化学抑制煤样。基于TG/DSC实验，研究了不同芯壁比的微胶囊对煤自燃特性的影响。结合热力学参数，分析了不同核壁比微胶囊对煤自燃的抑制机理。结果表明成功制备了LDH-PEG6000微胶囊。不同核壁比的微胶囊的热反应性及抑制机理不同，核壁比为1:5时效果最佳。这种微胶囊材料可以降低煤的失重率和放热，临界温度和最大失重速率温度分别提高8.8℃和33.6℃，水蒸发和气体解吸阶段表观活化能提高13.42kJ/mol，热分解阶段和燃烧阶段表观活化能提高88.64kJ /摩尔。电阻微胶囊可有效抑制煤自燃反应 此外，本研究为解决综放顶煤技术引起的采空区煤自燃问题提供了新思路，丰富了防火技术手段。