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Can soil invertebrates indicate soil biological quality on well pads reclaimed back to cultivated lands?
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2021.105082
Randi C. Lupardus , Jeffrey P. Battigelli , Arnold Janz , Lisa M. Lumley

Integrating soil physico-chemical properties and soil invertebrate bioindicators could prove a practical and robust method for assessing reclamation and soil biological quality of cultivated lands disturbed by oil and natural gas activities. Until the current study, there have been no data or analyses showing these relationships in cultivated lands. We examined a fine line between two types of disturbance (i.e., cropland, oil & gas reclaimed cropland) and the invertebrates that could tolerate these disturbed conditions. We aimed to determine 1) if crop type, age class, reclamation criteria, soil type, disturbance history (reclaimed wellsite) or a combination of these factors, influenced invertebrate abundance; 2) if invertebrate community abundance correlated with soil physico-chemical properties or with the presence of major mesofauna taxa, and 3) if reclamation efforts, plus the additional yearly cultivation activities, ameliorate the biological effects of oil and gas disturbance. Although we identified a clear trend in the densities and abundances of major mesofauna taxa, they did not differ significantly between groups. Reclaimed sites appeared more susceptible to crop pests (Psocoptera and Hemiptera), especially on younger sites, which could have been driven by higher bulk density (low aeration). There were clear differences in soil physico-chemical properties bulk density, pH, and total organic carbon (TOC), which were not reflected in the Acari:Collembola (A:C) ratios, invertebrate density or community results. There were some correlations between physico-chemical properties and specific invertebrate groups. Oribatida were positively correlated with electrical conductivity; Astigmata, Oribatida, and Symphyla were negatively correlated with bulk density; Prostigmata, Collembola, and Mesostigmata were negatively correlated with pH, and Mesostigmata were positively correlated with TOC. The site age results indicate that cultivation activities may reset mesofauna community succession each year, creating densities and abundances similar to that of adjacent cultivated fields and masking long-term industrial effects. For these reasons, neither broad invertebrate taxa nor A:C ratios should be used as indicators of reclamation quality or biological recovery on industrially reclaimed, cultivated sites if the comparable references are also cultivated. We foresee expansions of this research with functional trait analysis, as well as exploring differences at a finer taxonomic level within invertebrates.



中文翻译:

土壤无脊椎动物能否指示开垦回耕地的井垫上的土壤生物质量?

将土壤理化特性和土壤无脊椎动物生物指标相结合,可以证明是评估受石油和天然气活动干扰的耕地的开垦和土壤生物质量的实用且可靠的方法。在目前的研究之前,还没有数据或分析显示耕地中的这些关系。我们检查了两种类型的干扰(即农田、石油和天然气开垦的农田)与可以忍受这些干扰条件的无脊椎动物之间的细线。我们的目的是确定 1) 作物类型、年龄等级、开垦标准、土壤类型、干扰历史(开垦井场)或这些因素的组合是否影响了无脊椎动物的丰度;2) 如果无脊椎动物群落丰度与土壤理化特性或主要中型动物分类群的存在相关,3) 如果开垦努力,加上每年增加的种植活动,可以改善油气扰动的生物效应。尽管我们确定了主要中型动物分类群的密度和丰度的明显趋势,但它们在各组之间没有显着差异。开垦场地似乎更容易受到作物害虫(Psooptera 和半翅目)的影响,尤其是在较年轻的场地,这可能是由较高的堆积密度(低通气)驱动的。土壤理化特性的容重、pH 值和总有机碳 (TOC) 存在明显差异,这些差异并未反映在 Acari:Colembola (A:C) 比率、无脊椎动物密度或群落结果中。理化性质与特定的无脊椎动物群体之间存在一定的相关性。Oribatida 与电导率呈正相关;Astigmata、Oribatida和Symphyla与堆积密度呈负相关;Prostigmata、Colembola和Mesostigmata与pH呈负相关,Mesostigmata与TOC呈正相关。场地年龄结果表明,种植活动可能会每年重置中型动物群落演替,创造与邻近耕地相似的密度和丰度,并掩盖长期的工业影响。由于这些原因,如果还种植了可比较的参考资料,则无论是广泛的无脊椎动物类群还是 A:C 比率都不应用作工业回收的耕地的回收质量或生物恢复的指标。我们预计这项研究将通过功能特征分析进行扩展,并在无脊椎动物的更精细分类学水平上探索差异。和Symphyla与堆积密度呈负相关;Prostigmata、Colembola和Mesostigmata与pH呈负相关,Mesostigmata与TOC呈正相关。场地年龄结果表明,种植活动可能会每年重置中型动物群落演替,创造与邻近耕地相似的密度和丰度,并掩盖长期的工业影响。由于这些原因,如果还种植了可比较的参考资料,则无论是广泛的无脊椎动物类群还是 A:C 比率都不应用作工业回收的耕地的回收质量或生物恢复的指标。我们预计这项研究将通过功能特征分析进行扩展,并在无脊椎动物的更精细分类学水平上探索差异。和Symphyla与堆积密度呈负相关;Prostigmata、Colembola和Mesostigmata与pH呈负相关,Mesostigmata与TOC呈正相关。场地年龄结果表明,种植活动可能会每年重置中型动物群落演替,创造与邻近耕地相似的密度和丰度,并掩盖长期的工业影响。由于这些原因,如果还种植了可比较的参考资料,则无论是广泛的无脊椎动物类群还是 A:C 比率都不应用作工业回收的耕地的回收质量或生物恢复的指标。我们预计这项研究将通过功能特征分析进行扩展,并在无脊椎动物的更精细分类学水平上探索差异。

更新日期:2021-06-18
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