Abstract

People’s vulnerability, exposure and capacity are key components of a risk assessment. Index-based methodologies have proved useful to document spatial variation in risk-controlling factors. The objective of this study is to propose a methodology to derive quantitative indicators of household vulnerability, exposure and capacity to assess household’s risk and its spatial variation. The method is applied to six unions of the coastal region of Bangladesh, including three offshore islands. Field data are collected by questionnaire survey of 609 households and 6 focus group discussions. Using conventional data conversion and aggregation methods and principle component analysis (PCA), the variables are summarized into a small set of dimensions to derive vulnerability and capacity scores. Result shows that households of islands are generally more vulnerable to natural hazards than nearby onshore unions. Unions of the central coast of Bangladesh are characterized by households with higher vulnerability and lower capacities than two other parts. The fatality rate of cyclone SIDR at village level is used to validate the spatial variation of household risk for one surveyed union. The proposed methodology and produced maps could support national to local government bodies in assessing household risk and identifying locations where to implement specific risk reduction measures.

摘要

人们的脆弱性、暴露程度和能力是风险评估的关键组成部分。事实证明，基于指数的方法有助于记录风险控制因素的空间变化。本研究的目的是提出一种方法来推导出家庭脆弱性、暴露和评估家庭风险及其空间变化的能力的定量指标。该方法适用于孟加拉国沿海地区的六个联盟，包括三个近海岛屿。通过对609户家庭的问卷调查和6次焦点小组讨论收集现场数据。使用传统的数据转换和聚合方法以及主成分分析 (PCA)，将变量汇总到一小组维度中以得出脆弱性和容量分数。结果表明，岛屿家庭通常比附近的陆上工会更容易受到自然灾害的影响。孟加拉国中部海岸的工会的特点是与其他两个地区相比，家庭的脆弱性更高，能力更低。使用飓风 SIDR 在村级的死亡率来验证一个被调查工会的家庭风险的空间变化。提议的方法和制作的地图可以支持国家到地方政府机构评估家庭风险和确定实施特定风险降低措施的地点。使用飓风 SIDR 在村级的死亡率来验证一个被调查工会的家庭风险的空间变化。提议的方法和制作的地图可以支持国家到地方政府机构评估家庭风险和确定实施特定风险降低措施的地点。使用飓风 SIDR 在村级的死亡率来验证一个被调查工会的家庭风险的空间变化。提议的方法和制作的地图可以支持国家到地方政府机构评估家庭风险和确定实施特定风险降低措施的地点。