Nuclear lamins are ancient type V intermediate filaments with diverse functions that include maintaining nuclear shape, mechanosignaling, tethering and stabilizing chromatin, regulating gene expression, and contributing to cell cycle progression. Despite these numerous roles, an outstanding question has been how lamins are regulated. Accumulating work indicates that a range of lamin post-translational modifications (PTMs) control their functions both in homeostatic cells and in disease states such as progeria, muscular dystrophy, and viral infection. Here, we review the current knowledge of the diverse types of PTMs that regulate lamins in a site-specific manner. We highlight methods that can be used to characterize lamin PTMs whose functions are currently unknown and provide a perspective on the future of the lamin PTM field.

核纤层蛋白是古老的 V 型中间丝，具有多种功能，包括维持核形状、机械信号、束缚和稳定染色质、调节基因表达以及促进细胞周期进程。尽管有这些众多的角色，但一个突出的问题是如何调节核纤层蛋白。积累的工作表明，一系列核纤层蛋白翻译后修饰 (PTM) 控制其在稳态细胞和疾病状态（如早衰、肌营养不良和病毒感染）中的功能。在这里，我们回顾了以特定地点方式调节核纤层蛋白的各种类型的 PTM 的当前知识。我们重点介绍了可用于表征其功能目前未知的 lamin PTMs 的方法，并提供对 lamin PTM 领域未来的展望。