Abstract

The levels of essential and toxic elements (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, and Ni) were determined in kerosene-contaminated soils with the aim of identifying their possible sources and associated health and ecological risks. Ni was undetected in the studied soils. Fe had the highest mean concentration (14,172 ± 6110.13 mg/kg) while Co had the least mean concentration (1.42 ± 3.17 mg/kg) in the studied soils. The studied soils showed varying degrees of contamination/pollution based on the results of contamination factor, geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, modified degree of contamination, and pollution load index. Source apportionment using cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and positive matrix factorization identified vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, biomass/waste incineration, and natural sources as the major contributors to pollution of the soils. Health risk assessment showed that there were no noncarcinogenic risks associated with ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure to the studied soils (HI < 1). Ingestion and dermal exposure were identified as the principal exposure pathways to non-carcinogenic health risks. Fe had the highest individual contribution to potential health risks (RR = 57.63%). Ecological risk assessment indicated low ecological risks by the metals in the studied soils (RI < 150).

摘要

在煤油污染的土壤中测定了必需元素和有毒元素（Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Co、Cr 和 Ni）的含量，目的是确定它们的可能来源以及相关的健康和生态风险。在所研究的土壤中未检测到 Ni。Fe 的平均浓度最高 (14,172  ±  6110.13  mg/kg)，而 Co 的平均浓度最低 (1.42  ±  3.17 mg / kg）在研究的土壤中。根据污染因子、地累积指数、富集因子、修正污染程度和污染负荷指数的结果，所研究的土壤表现出不同程度的污染/污染。使用聚类分析、主成分分析和正矩阵分解的源解析将车辆排放、工业排放、生物质/废物焚烧和自然资源确定为土壤污染的主要来源。健康风险评估表明，没有与摄入、吸入和皮肤接触所研究土壤相关的非致癌风险（HI  < 1). 摄入和皮肤接触被确定为非致癌健康风险的主要接触途径。Fe 对潜在健康风险的贡献最高 (RR  =  57.63%)。生态风险评估表明所研究土壤中金属的生态风险较低 (RI  <  150)。