A photovoltaic–thermoelectric (PV–TE) hybrid system can be used for efficient thermal energy utilization from the generated waste heat in PV devices. In this article, an efficient PV–TE hybrid system with intelligent power-track switching technique and thermal management based on energy conversion is proposed. To make the output power of PV–TE system stable and normalized, an incorporated stable voltage circuit is designed based on energy conversion. In addition, a control-and-monitoring strategy is launched in the system to realize the normal collecting for the output power of PV–TE system. Finally, a battery protection circuit is performed to ensure that the energy converted by the entire system is effectively stored. The experimental results show that more electrical energy about 84 034 J was obtained with our energy harvesting system than that of a single photovoltaic (PV) cell. Besides, the thermal gradient of PV cells is indirectly reduced the operation of the whole system, which is automatically monitored due to the proposed intelligent power-track switching technique.

中文翻译：

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使用智能功率轨道切换技术和高效热管理方案提高光伏-TE 系统的能量转换效率

光伏-热电 (PV-TE) 混合系统可用于从光伏设备中产生的废热中有效利用热能。在本文中，提出了一种具有智能功率轨道切换技术和基于能量转换的热管理的高效 PV-TE 混合系统。为了使PV-TE系统的输出功率稳定和标准化，设计了基于能量转换的内置稳压电路。此外，在系统中启动了控制和监测策略，实现对PV-TE系统输出功率的正常采集。最后进行电池保护电路，保证整个系统转换的能量得到有效存储。实验结果表明，与单个光伏 (PV) 电池相比，我们的能量收集系统获得了更多的电能，约为 84 034 J。此外，光伏电池的热梯度间接降低了整个系统的运行，由于提出的智能功率轨道切换技术，可以自动监控整个系统的运行。