The Green New Deal requires a profound transformation of the agricultural sector, which will have to become more sustainable and ensure universal access to healthy food. Thus, it will be essential to introduce radical technological innovations. Nanotechnologies have the potential to produce a significant boost to the improvement of the food system. Within this context, in the next years, a strong challenge will need to be faced regarding developing new and more efficient uses of nutrients in agriculture, being the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) paramount in sustaining high crop productivity without depleting biodiversity, and altering both the natural and agricultural systems. Nutrients leaching causes environmental pollution and water eutrophication, while nutrient excess favors pest and weed widespread. Therefore, it will be mandatory to improve plant nutrition efficiency without affecting agricultural productivity and economic sustainability. A promising alternative consists of the introduction of the so-called nanomaterial enhanced fertilizers and plant growth stimulators. Such innovation includes nanotechnological solutions that can improve nutrient delivery for a more finely tuned, accurate, and saving-resources distribution of nutrients. This review provides a critical view of the latest advances in nanofertilizer research, mainly referring to nano-hydroxyapatite, silica nanoparticles, and chitosan-derived nanostructures.

中文翻译：

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纳米农业工具：基于磷酸钙、硅和壳聚糖纳米结构的肥料

绿色新政要求农业部门进行深刻变革，农业部门必须变得更加可持续，并确保普遍获得健康食品。因此，引入激进的技术创新至关重要。纳米技术有可能显着促进食品系统的改善。在此背景下，在接下来的几年中，将需要面临在农业中开发新的和更有效的养分利用的强大挑战，即养分利用效率 (NUE) 在不消耗生物多样性的情况下维持高作物生产力和改变两者的重要性自然和农业系统。养分流失会导致环境污染和水体富营养化，而养分过剩则有利于害虫和杂草的广泛传播。所以，必须在不影响农业生产力和经济可持续性的情况下提高植物营养效率。一种有前景的替代方案包括引入所谓的纳米材料增强肥料和植物生长刺激剂。此类创新包括纳米技术解决方案，可以改善营养输送，实现更精细、准确和节省资源的营养分配。这篇综述对纳米肥料研究的最新进展提供了批判性观点，主要涉及纳米羟基磷灰石、二氧化硅纳米粒子和壳聚糖衍生的纳米结构。此类创新包括纳米技术解决方案，可以改善营养输送，实现更精细、准确和节省资源的营养分配。这篇综述对纳米肥料研究的最新进展提供了批判性观点，主要涉及纳米羟基磷灰石、二氧化硅纳米粒子和壳聚糖衍生的纳米结构。此类创新包括纳米技术解决方案，可以改善营养输送，实现更精细、准确和节省资源的营养分配。这篇综述对纳米肥料研究的最新进展提供了批判性观点，主要涉及纳米羟基磷灰石、二氧化硅纳米粒子和壳聚糖衍生的纳米结构。