Lolium multiflorum, one of the most important temperate forage grasses in the world, is used in integrated crop-livestock systems and as a cover crop. However, it is also one of the main weeds in winter crops. The continuous use of glyphosate to manage this species has led to the selection of resistant biotypes (LOLMU-R), making it important to prevent the dispersal of these seeds. This study aimed to assess the recovery and germination of LOLMU-R that have passed through the digestive system of cattle. The experiments were carried out in metabolism cages, using a completely randomized design with six replications. The animals were given 12 112 seeds each, which were recovered from their faeces over a period of 6 days. Germination of the recovered seeds was assessed in a germination chamber and compared against a control (no animal passage). After germination, a glyphosate dose-response curve was constructed. The results obtained showed a total recovery of 1109 seeds (9.1%), with maximum recovery 2 days after ingestion, decreasing to almost zero on day 6. Germination declined linearly as a function of recovery time; however, 4 days after ingestion, germination potential was 18%. The dose-response curve proved the resistance of the recovered seeds. Cattle is a dispersal agent for LOLMU-R seeds, with animals requiring 7 days of quarantine before moving from one infested area to another.

中文翻译：

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牛内生播散抗草甘膦黑麦草种子

何首乌是世界上最重要的温带牧草之一，用于综合作物-畜牧系统和覆盖作物。然而，它也是冬季作物的主要杂草之一。持续使用草甘膦来管理该物种导致了抗性生物型 (LOLMU-R) 的选择，因此防止这些种子的传播变得非常重要。本研究旨在评估通过牛消化系统的 LOLMU-R 的恢复和发芽情况。实验在代谢笼中进行，采用完全随机设计，重复六次。这些动物每只被给予 12 112 颗种子，这些种子在 6 天的时间内从它们的粪便中回收。在发芽室中评估回收种子的发芽并与对照（无动物传代）进行比较。发芽后，构建了草甘膦剂量反应曲线。结果显示，总共回收了 1109 颗种子（9.1%），摄入后 2 天恢复最大，第 6 天几乎为零。发芽率随恢复时间呈线性下降；然而，摄入 4 天后，发芽潜力为 18%。剂量反应曲线证明了回收种子的抗性。牛是 LOLMU-R 种子的传播剂，动物需要隔离 7 天，然后才能从一个受感染的地区转移到另一个受感染的地区。剂量反应曲线证明了回收种子的抗性。牛是 LOLMU-R 种子的传播剂，动物需要隔离 7 天，然后才能从一个受感染的地区转移到另一个受感染的地区。剂量反应曲线证明了回收种子的抗性。牛是 LOLMU-R 种子的传播剂，动物需要隔离 7 天，然后才能从一个受感染的地区转移到另一个受感染的地区。