Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a model that aims to explain individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) focused on the context of social entrepreneurship (SE) (Social-IEO) by considering the personal values and attitude toward social change through direct and indirect effects. To achieve this purpose, the authors created and validated a scale to measure Social-IEO.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses scale construction techniques (DeVellis, 2016) and survey method for data collection. As such, this study was conducted by considering a sample of 198 social entrepreneurs. Multivariate data analysis and structural equation modeling are used to validate the theoretical model.

Findings

The Social-IEO scale was validated and shows to adequately encompass and measure the construct. The proposed model has predictive relevance and explains 45% of Social-IEO. Findings suggest that self-transcendence value has no direct effect on Social-IEO. Additionally, conservation and self-promotion values do not have a negative correlation with Social-IEO. Finally, attitude of social change has a strong explanatory power to Social-IEO. The findings offer important theoretical and practical implications for the field of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behavior.

Originality/value

The definition of a specific concept of IEO applied to the context of SE contributes to the correct understanding of its dimensions, measurement and management. This eliminates a gap in studies and contributes to expand and strengthen research. It also provides an original empirical approach, as the method used to measure IEO in a reflective way is unusual in previous studies.

中文翻译：

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巴西个人社会创业导向：个人价值观和对社会变革态度的测量和预测作用

目的

本文的目的是开发和测试一个模型，该模型旨在通过考虑个人价值观和对社会变革的态度，通过直接和间接影响。为了达到这个目的，作者创建并验证了一个衡量 Social-IEO 的量表。

设计/方法/方法

本文使用规模构建技术（DeVellis，2016）和调查方法进行数据收集。因此，本研究是通过考虑 198 名社会企业家的样本进行的。多变量数据分析和结构方程建模用于验证理论模型。

发现

Social-IEO 量表已经过验证，并显示充分包含和衡量该结构。所提出的模型具有预测相关性并解释了 45% 的 Social-IEO。研究结果表明，自我超越价值对 Social-IEO 没有直接影响。此外，保护和自我推销值与 Social-IEO 没有负相关。最后，社会变迁的态度对Social-IEO有很强的解释力。研究结果为创业教育和创业行为领域提供了重要的理论和实践意义。

原创性/价值

应用于 SE 环境的 IEO 特定概念的定义有助于正确理解其维度、度量和管理。这消除了研究中的差距，并有助于扩大和加强研究。它还提供了一种原始的经验方法，因为用于以反射方式测量 IEO 的方法在以前的研究中是不寻常的。