Science ( IF 56.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-18 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aba7202 Richard J Fletcher 1 , Airlia Shaffer 1 , Cedric C Wilson 1 , Parth B Patel 1 , Zhenjie Yan 1 , Valentin Crépel 1 , Biswaroop Mukherjee 1 , Martin W Zwierlein 1
The equivalence between particles under rotation and charged particles in a magnetic field relates phenomena as diverse as spinning atomic nuclei, weather patterns, and the quantum Hall effect. For such systems, quantum mechanics dictates that translations along different directions do not commute, implying a Heisenberg uncertainty relation between spatial coordinates. We implement squeezing of this geometric quantum uncertainty, resulting in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate occupying a single Landau gauge wave function. We resolve the extent of zero-point cyclotron orbits and demonstrate geometric squeezing of the orbits’ centers 7 decibels below the standard quantum limit. The condensate attains an angular momentum exceeding 1000 quanta per particle and an interatomic distance comparable to the cyclotron orbit. This offers an alternative route toward strongly correlated bosonic fluids.
中文翻译:
几何挤压到最低朗道层
旋转中的粒子与磁场中的带电粒子之间的等价性与旋转原子核、天气模式和量子霍尔效应等多种现象有关。对于这样的系统,量子力学规定沿不同方向的平移不会交换,这意味着空间坐标之间存在海森堡不确定性关系。我们实现了这种几何量子不确定性的压缩,导致旋转的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体占据单个朗道规范波函数。我们解析了零点回旋加速器轨道的范围,并证明了轨道中心的几何压缩低于标准量子极限 7 分贝。凝聚物获得每个粒子超过 1000 量子的角动量和与回旋加速器轨道相当的原子间距离。