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Post-harvest N2O emissions can be mitigated with organic amendments
Frontiers in Environmental Science ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-18 , DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013
S. Rothardt , R. Fuß , I. Pahlmann , H. Kage

After harvest of winter oilseed rape and faba bean crops considerable high soil nitrate values may built up before winter in central to north European regions. In combination with high precipitation and a low N uptake by the subsequent crop in fall this causes a high risk for N2O emissions and nitrate leaching. Microbial decomposition of crop residues or high carbon amendments may immobilize mineral N temporarily and therefore may prevent losses by direct N2O emissions. Five treatments including crop residue removal and application of different organic amendments after harvest were tested in a field trial in Northern Germany to elucidate the potential of this mechanism as a mitigation option. N2O emissions and soil mineral nitrogen status were monitored from August to March in three consecutive years. Observed emissions range from 0.1 to 3.4 kg N ha-1 in 180 days. An empirical model approach was applied to separate the impact of spatially and temporally heterogeneous environmental conditions between the plots of the field experiment from treatment effects in the subsequent statistical analysis of N2O emissions. Results show that the exchange of the initial crop residues with organic amendments with high C:N ratios (i.e. winter wheat straw and sawdust) after harvest of faba bean or oilseed rape can reduce N2O emission during fall and winter by up to 45%.

中文翻译:

可以通过有机添加物减少收获后的 N2O 排放

在冬季油菜籽和蚕豆作物收获后,在中欧和北欧地区冬季之前,土壤硝酸盐值可能会升高。再加上秋季的高降水和低氮吸收,这会导致 N2O 排放和硝酸盐浸出的风险很高。作物残留物的微生物分解或高碳添加物可能会暂时固定矿物氮,因此可能会防止 N2O 直接排放造成的损失。在德国北部的田间试验中测试了五种处理方法,包括去除作物残留物和在收获后施用不同的有机改良剂,以阐明该机制作为缓解选择的潜力。连续三年从 8 月至 3 月监测 N2O 排放和土壤矿质氮状况。观察到的排放范围从 0.1 到 3。4 kg N ha-1 在 180 天内。在随后的 N2O 排放统计分析中,应用经验模型方法将现场实验地块之间空间和时间异质环境条件的影响与处理效果分开。结果表明,在蚕豆或油菜收获后,用高碳氮比的有机添加物(即冬小麦秸秆和锯末)交换初始作物残留物,可使秋冬季的 N2O 排放量减少高达 45%。
更新日期:2021-06-18
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