Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s43153-021-00122-5 Luana F. Silveira , Jorge Leonardo F. Santos , Francisco Lucas C. Prado , Pedro Henrique C. de Azevedo , Lukas G. G. V. Santos , Lucas L. Caldas , Marcelo da R. Alexandre , Andréa Novelli , Bruno S. Souza
The presence of hormones in water represents a risk to the aquatic environment, especially due to the fact that these compounds are not effectively degraded by the traditional biological processes employed in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This work aimed to determine an optimum condition of the peroxidation process assisted by UV-C irradiation (λ = 254 nm) for the degradation of the hormone 17 α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) present in aqueous solution, in addition to the ecotoxicological evaluation. Synthetic EE2 samples (C0 = 1000 μg L−1) were treated using different processes: photolysis, peroxidation ([H2O2]0 = 25 mg L−1), and UV/H2O2 ([H2O2]0 = 25, 50, and 75 mg L−1). Photolysis and peroxidation in isolation were ineffective for degradation of the hormone in aqueous solutions, while the UV/H2O2 treatment provided total degradation of the compound, under the conditions employed. For real effluent samples from an WWTP, the UV/H2O2 process provided EE2 degradation efficiency of almost 100%, applying a photon flux of 2.76 kJ L−1 and with [H2O2]consumed = 42.5 mg L−1. The kinetic parameters for the UV/H2O2 treatment showed that the use of higher initial concentrations of peroxide resulted in slower degradation. Evaluation was made of the acute (considering immobility) and chronic (considering survival and reproduction) ecotoxicological effects of the treated effluent on the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia silvestrii. In the acute toxicity tests, an EC50 (48 h) value of 53.97% was obtained. The chronic toxicity tests revealed an adverse effect on reproduction, with an EC50 (8 days) value of 21.54%.
中文翻译:
紫外辅助过氧化在水介质中降解17α-炔雌醇的应用及生态毒理学评价
水中激素的存在对水生环境构成威胁,特别是因为这些化合物不能被废水处理厂 (WWTP) 中采用的传统生物过程有效降解。除了生态毒理学评估外,这项工作旨在确定 UV-C 照射(λ = 254 nm)辅助过氧化过程的最佳条件,用于降解水溶液中存在的激素 17 α-炔雌醇(EE2)。合成 EE2 样品(C 0 = 1000 μg L -1)使用不同的过程进行处理:光解、过氧化([H 2 O 2 ] 0 = 25 mg L -1)和 UV/H 2 O 2([H 2 O 2 ] 0 = 25、50和75mg L -1 )。单独的光解和过氧化对于水溶液中激素的降解是无效的,而在所采用的条件下,UV/H 2 O 2处理提供了化合物的完全降解。对于来自污水处理厂的实际污水样品,UV/H 2 O 2过程提供了几乎 100% 的 EE2 降解效率,应用了 2.76 kJ L -1的光子通量并且消耗了 [H 2 O 2 ] = 42.5 mg L -1 . UV/H 2 O的动力学参数2处理表明,使用较高初始浓度的过氧化物导致降解较慢。评估了处理后的流出物对枝角类Ceriodaphnia silvestrii的急性(考虑到不动)和慢性(考虑到生存和繁殖)生态毒理学影响。在急性毒性试验中,获得了 53.97%的 EC 50 (48 h) 值。慢性毒性试验显示对生殖有不利影响,EC 50(8 天)值为 21.54%。