ABSTRACT This article addresses the dynamics of political and social continuity and change in Portuguese late colonialism after 1945. By focusing on the 1961 and 1962 imperial reforms, three main arguments are put forward. First, that only by analytically incorporating international and transnational dimensions the Portuguese protracted trajectory of imperial demise can be fully grasped. Second, by engaging with international institutions, norms and idioms, namely the then emerging indigenous international law and politics, Portuguese authorities and experts advanced a distinctive and alternative project of nationhood and imperial citizenship that contested the prevalent anti-colonial norm of self-determination. Finally, it is argued that in an authoritarian context, imperial and colonial reforms re-enacted and reconfigured, instead of abolishing, a juridical order shaped by acute racial inequalities and discrimination but that, nonetheless, made prevention of daily abuses and violence more effective.

中文翻译：

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从“土著”到“原住民”：晚期殖民主义、土著权利和全球主权政治（1953-1962）

摘要 本文探讨了 1945 年后葡萄牙晚期殖民主义的政治和社会连续性和变化的动态。通过关注 1961 年和 1962 年的帝国改革，提出了三个主要论点。首先，只有通过分析结合国际和跨国维度，才能充分把握葡萄牙长期灭亡的轨迹。其次，通过与国际机构、规范和习惯用法，即当时新兴的土著国际法和政治接触，葡萄牙当局和专家提出了一个独特的、替代的民族和帝国公民项目，挑战了普遍的反殖民自决规范。最后，有人认为，在威权主义背景下，帝国和殖民改革重新制定和重新配置，而不是废除，