EU authorities increasingly take antitrust and data protection enforcement action against US internet companies. While many believe in digital protectionism, this paper looks at the foundations of data protection and antitrust policies across the Atlantic to propose an alternative explanation based on the distinct views over how online markets work and should be regulated. Europeans associate data protection with inalienable rights, Americans treat data as an asset. Europeans use competition policy to advance personal freedom, US antitrust policy focuses on economic efficiency. These singular EU traits encourage the regulation of major internet companies. While the European mistrust of data amassing by private parties supplies political motivation to rein in on digital giants, its competition law framework provides a toolkit capable of overcoming challenges commonly present whenever regulators take antitrust enforcement action against Big Data firms. The US does not share either. This indicates that the EU/US divide over internet regulation will grow - and transatlantic tensions perilously increase. The paper concludes by arguing for an adjusted role for economic reasoning in antitrust enforcement as a way to bridge differences.

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数字保护主义？反垄断、数据保护和欧盟/美国跨大西洋裂痕

欧盟当局越来越多地对美国互联网公司采取反垄断和数据保护执法行动。虽然许多人相信数字保护主义，但本文着眼于大西洋彼岸的数据保护和反垄断政策的基础，根据对在线市场如何运作和应受到监管的不同看法，提出了另一种解释。欧洲人将数据保护与不可剥夺的权利联系起来，美国人将数据视为资产。欧洲人用竞争政策促进个人自由，美国反垄断政策侧重于经济效率。这些独特的欧盟特征鼓励对主要互联网公司的监管。虽然欧洲对私人团体收集数据的不信任提供了控制数字巨头的政治动机，其竞争法框架提供了一个工具包，能够克服监管机构对大数据公司采取反垄断执法行动时常见的挑战。美国也不分享。这表明欧盟/美国在互联网监管方面的分歧将会扩大——跨大西洋的紧张局势危险地加剧。该论文最后主张调整经济推理在反垄断执法中的作用，以作为弥合分歧的一种方式。