Self-employment in the informal sector keeps poor people alive, but it rarely enables them to exit poverty. To exit poverty through self-employment, poor people require monetary and non-monetary resources which they overwhelmingly lack. To escape this dilemma, the owners of survivalist business firms need to band together in order to assemble a minimal resource base on the strength of which they can together upgrade their partnership. Because resources are scarce in poverty populations, this task is exceptionally hard to accomplish. Rotating credit and savings associations (ROSCAs) can enable individuals to exit poverty through self-employment, but ROSCAs only work in the most-resourced, upper tier of a poverty population. In the lower tier, Grameen model banks inject organizational, educational, and financial resources that enable impoverished individuals to exit poverty by upgrading a survivalist business.

中文翻译：

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通过自雇脱贫：作为替代策略的格莱珉模式和轮换信贷协会

非正规部门的自营职业使穷人得以生存，但很少能让他们摆脱贫困。为了通过自营职业脱贫，穷人需要他们极度缺乏的货币和非货币资源。为了摆脱这种困境，生存主义商业公司的所有者需要联合起来，以建立一个最小的资源基础，他们可以在此基础上共同升级他们的伙伴关系。由于贫困人口的资源稀缺，这项任务非常难以完成。轮换信贷和储蓄协会 (ROSCA) 可以使个人通过自营职业摆脱贫困，但 ROSCA 仅适用于资源最多、上层的贫困人口。在较低层，格莱珉示范银行注入了组织、教育、