Background

Indonesia has a strong national child protection policy. Yet significant limitations exist in laws, policy implementation, and coordination of services, especially regarding child sexual abuse. This is related to a lack of knowledge about child sexual abuse in Indonesia and associated taboos that constrain policy development.

Objective

To understand how child sexual abuse problems have been represented in national child protection policy.

Method

‘What's the problem represented to be’ (Bacchi, 2009) is an analytic approach that uses discourse analysis. This method was employed to examine how child sexual abuse problems in Indonesia are constructed and represented in six government documents (two laws and four national policies).

Results

Three overarching problem representations of child sexual abuse were identified: (1) children are a vulnerable, at risk, and disempowered group; (2) service access is limited and services are not coordinated; and (3) there is a lack of agreement and clarity across laws and policy in child protection. For example, inconsistencies of policy and laws regarding the minimum age for marriage can result in gender discrimination and limit a child's access to justice, protection, and services.

Conclusion

Policy discourses play a crucial role in the construction and representation of child sexual abuse problems in Indonesia. Current inconsistencies constrain the implementation of effective intervention and prevention programs. Further work on policy harmony is needed as well as improving community understanding of child sexual abuse.

中文翻译：

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政策和法律中儿童性虐待的问题化：印度尼西亚的例子

背景

印度尼西亚有强有力的国家儿童保护政策。然而，在法律、政策实施和服务协调方面存在重大限制，特别是在儿童性虐待方面。这与印度尼西亚缺乏对儿童性虐待的知识以及限制政策制定的相关禁忌有关。

客观的

了解如何在国家儿童保护政策中体现儿童性虐待问题。

方法

“问题是什么”（Bacchi，2009）是一种使用话语分析的分析方法。这种方法被用来研究印度尼西亚的儿童性虐待问题是如何在六份政府文件（两项法律和四项国家政策）中构建和体现的。

结果

确定了儿童性虐待的三个总体问题表征：（1）儿童是一个脆弱、处于危险中和被剥夺权利的群体；（二）服务准入受限，服务不协调；(3) 在儿童保护方面的法律和政策缺乏一致性和明确性。例如，关于最低结婚年龄的政策和法律不一致会导致性别歧视，并限制儿童获得正义、保护和服务的机会。

结论

政策话语在印度尼西亚儿童性虐待问题的构建和表述中发挥着至关重要的作用。当前的不一致限制了有效干预和预防计划的实施。需要在政策协调方面开展进一步的工作，并提高社区对儿童性虐待的理解。