In the initial stage, the epidemic area is relatively concentrated, and some traffic modes may be subject to traffic control. In this period, the timely delivery of adequate emergency medical supplies to the epidemic points will play an important role in controlling the spread of the epidemic. However, the existing emergency medical supplies loading optimization model has not taken the initial period of the epidemic as the research time nor fully considered the traffic control situation in that period. Therefore, combined with the characteristics of the initial epidemic period of COVID-19, this study establishes an optimization model for emergency medical supplies stowage at the rescue point, considering the variation in demand for different kinds of medical supplies at the epidemic point in different cycles and the impact of traffic control on the mode of transportation. The model is an integer programming model. The objective function is the least total cost, including total transportation cost and total inventory cost. The constraints include the supply limit of each medical material that can be provided by the rescue point, the transportation capacity limit of the transportation mode, the demand constraints, inventory constraints, nonnegative constraints, and integer variable constraints of various medical supplies in each cycle of the epidemic location. Finally, combining the development of the epidemic situation in Wuhan January 18–23, 2020, a case study was carried out, and the optimal combination of different transportation modes and different stowage schemes in different periods of the rescue point was obtained, which verified the feasibility and practicality of the model. The model constructed in this study can provide a theoretical reference to the optimal decision-making plan of emergency medical supplies of the implementation of traffic control during the initial period of emergency public health events.

中文翻译：

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基于COVID-19疫情特征分析的疫情初期交通管制应急医疗物资配载优化模型

初期，疫区相对集中，部分交通方式可能会受到交通管制。在此期间，及时向疫点运送充足的应急医疗物资，将对控制疫情蔓延起到重要作用。然而，现有的应急医疗物资装载优化模型并没有以疫情初期作为研究时间，也没有充分考虑该时期的交通管制情况。因此，本研究结合COVID-19疫情初期的特点，建立了救援点应急医疗物资配载优化模型，考虑到疫情点不同周期对不同种类医疗物资的需求变化以及交通管制对交通方式的影响。该模型是整数规划模型。目标函数是总成本最小，包括总运输成本和总库存成本。约束条件包括救援点可提供的每种医疗物资的供应限制、运输方式的运输能力限制、需求约束、库存约束、非负约束以及各医疗物资在每个周期的整数变量约束。疫区。最后，结合2020年1月18-23日武汉疫情发展情况，进行了案例分析，得到了救援点不同时段不同运输方式和不同配载方案的优化组合，验证了模型的可行性和实用性。本研究构建的模型可为突发公共卫生事件初期实施交通管制的应急医疗物资优化决策方案提供理论参考。