Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising next-generation photovoltaic technology. However, their long-term operation is limited due to thermodynamic instability of hybrid perovskites (loss of organics) and severe migration of constituents (ions and dopants). PSCs have to be free of volatile organics and mobile dopants to become commercially relevant. PSCs based on cesium lead halide inorganic perovskites (CsPbI_3−xBr_x, x = 0 ~ 3) and a carbon electrode, abbreviated here as C-IPSCs, fulfill these requirements: CsPbI_3−xBr_x is stable against decomposition to binary halides and the carbon electrode is inherently moisture-resistive and dopant-free. Since the first report of C-IPSCs in 2016, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have doubled, recently reaching 14.84% with an astonishing stability of over 2000 h at 80 °C and 80% relative humidity (RH). Here we review recent progress of C-IPSCs and analyze the remaining critical issues in the field. We then offer our perspective to address these challenges through morphology, interface, spectral and material engineering. Finally, we argue that C-IPSCs have potential to overcome the 20% efficiency milestone, making them – in combination with their already impressive stability – the most promising PSC architecture for commercialization.

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 是有前途的下一代光伏技术。然而，由于杂化钙钛矿的热力学不稳定性（有机物的损失）和成分（离子和掺杂剂）的严重迁移，它们的长期运行受到限制。PSC 必须不含挥发性有机物和可移动掺杂剂，才能具有商业价值。基于铯铅卤化无机钙钛矿 (CsPbI _{3− x} Br _x , x  = 0 ~ 3) 和碳电极（此处缩写为 C-IPSCs）的 PSC 满足以下要求：CsPbI _{3− x} Br _x对分解为二元卤化物是稳定的，并且碳电极具有固有的防潮性和无掺杂剂特性。自 2016 年首次报告 C-IPSC 以来，它们的功率转换效率 (PCE) 翻了一番，最近达到 14.84%，在 80°C 和 80% 相对湿度 (RH) 下的稳定性超过 2000 小时。在这里，我们回顾了 C-IPSCs 的最新进展，并分析了该领域剩余的关键问题。然后，我们提出我们的观点，通过形态学、界面、光谱和材料工程来应对这些挑战。最后，我们认为 C-IPSC 有潜力克服 20% 的效率里程碑，结合它们已经令人印象深刻的稳定性，使其成为最有前途的商业化 PSC 架构。