According to the Brazilian National Water Resources Policy, water is a limited public good, and its management involves the participation of public authorities, users, and communities. This paper analyzes data on groundwater concession and uses in five Brazilian municipalities, located in the northeastern region of the Paraíba do Sul River Basin. Data were analyzed to associate aquifer systems and groundwater use with electricity consumption of the water supply systems and food production, in the perspective of the water-food-energy nexus. This analysis aimed to quantify the exploited water flows and if it is adequate with the capacity of the aquifers. For data analysis and interpretation, statistical techniques were used, which allowed structuring, organizing, and associating the information. The results indicate that, among the regional aquifer systems, the Caçapava System is the most explored in terms of groundwater abstraction, with an average of 9769 m³/h, of which only 1331 m³/h is used for public supply and 8456 m³/h for private use. One finding of this research was to verify that just one of the municipalities studied makes public the use of groundwater abstraction, with consequences in public policy and alerting to the need for adequate inspection in the areas of underground well-drilling for non-contamination and better maintenance of aquifer systems. The results highlight the water-food-energy nexus in the study area, indicating that municipalities with large rice cultivation areas use or store most of the water resources for agricultural use. Promoting new sustainable actions and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals requires integrated management outside the traditional sectors and water-food-energy nexus approach.

根据巴西国家水资源政策，水是一种有限的公共产品，其管理涉及公共当局、用户和社区的参与。本文分析了位于南帕拉伊巴河流域东北部地区的五个巴西城市的地下水特许权和使用数据。从水-食物-能源关系的角度分析数据，将含水层系统和地下水使用与供水系统的电力消耗和粮食生产联系起来。该分析旨在量化开采的水流量，以及它是否足以满足含水层的容量。对于数据分析和解释，使用了统计技术，它允许结构化、组织和关联信息。结果表明，在区域含水层系统中，Caçapava 系统在地下水抽取方面的探索最多，平均为 9769 立方米/小时，其中只有 1331 立方米/小时用于公共供水，8456 立方米/小时用于私人用途。这项研究的一个发现是证实只有一个被研究的城市公开了地下水抽取的使用，这会对公共政策产生影响，并提醒需要对地下钻井区域进行充分检查以确保无污染和更好的含水层系统的维护。结果突出了研究区的水-食物-能源关系，表明水稻种植面积大的城市使用或储存大部分水资源用于农业用途。