The availability of public funding for private schools, in both primary and secondary education, has become a common feature in a number of OECD countries. The expansion of public subsidies for privately owned schools has consequences that go far beyond the involvement of private actors in the provision of education. These include deepening forms of regulatory governance in educational systems and the blurring of frontiers between public and private education. Public subsidies for privately owned schools have been adopted following diverse rationalities and in pursuit of different goals. In light of the diversity, this research examines the regulatory configurations of private subsidized education provision across OECD countries, from a policy instruments’ perspective. Based on a systematic review of the literature, the article identifies four models of regulation of private subsidized education, and analyses why and how these models have been problematized and have evolved accordingly. The paper pays particular attention to recent educational reforms adopted, in most cases, to tackle the equity challenges posed by publicly subsidized private provision. Finally, the paper elaborates on the implications that this form of provision has for public education and the achievement of equity goals, and reflects on the potential and limits of regulatory reforms when confronting these issues.

在小学和中学教育中，为私立学校提供公共资金已成为许多经合组织国家的共同特征。扩大对私立学校的公共补贴所产生的后果远远超出了私营部门参与提供教育的范围。其中包括深化教育体系中的监管治理形式，以及模糊公立和私立教育之间的界限。对民办学校的公费补贴，是出于不同的合理性和不同的目标而采取的。鉴于多样性，本研究从政策工具的角度考察了经合组织国家私人补贴教育的监管配置。基于对文献的系统回顾，文章确定了私人资助教育的四种监管模式，并分析了这些模式为何以及如何被问题化并相应地演变。本文特别关注最近为应对公共补贴私人教育所带来的公平挑战而采取的教育改革。最后，本文详细阐述了这种形式的规定对公共教育和实现公平目标的影响，并在面对这些问题时反思了监管改革的潜力和局限性。以应对公共补贴的私人供应所带来的公平挑战。最后，本文详细阐述了这种形式的规定对公共教育和实现公平目标的影响，并在面对这些问题时反思了监管改革的潜力和局限性。以应对公共补贴的私人供应所带来的公平挑战。最后，本文详细阐述了这种形式的规定对公共教育和实现公平目标的影响，并在面对这些问题时反思了监管改革的潜力和局限性。