ABSTRACT By tracing everyday breadwinner practices from the early industrial period to the democratic period (largely between 1960s and 2000s) in Korea, this study aims to illustrate the changes in dynamics relating to women’s subordination. I conducted 64 interviews with women and men of two generations. These revealed that the Confucian hierarchy of male supremacy continued into the early industrial period, despite the significant contributions of women to earning a living for their families. In the democratization generation, which grew up during the period of rapid economic growth and democracy, male respondents internalized the breadwinner role and saw this as partial justification for their dominance. This implies that rationalizations for gender relationships change over time, for example, from viewing male supremacy as “natural law” to considering it as a result of women’s economic inferiority. This also suggests reconsideration of the link between masculinity and the breadwinner role.

中文翻译：

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儒家文化中的女性从属地位：转变养家糊口的做法

摘要 通过追溯韩国从早期工业时期到民主时期（主要在 1960 年代至 2000 年代）的日常养家糊口的做法，本研究旨在说明与女性从属相关的动态变化。我对两代人的女性和男性进行了 64 次采访。这些表明，尽管女性为养家糊口做出了重大贡献，但儒家男性至上的等级制度一直延续到早期工业时期。在经济快速增长和民主时期成长起来的民主化一代，男性受访者将养家糊口的角色内化，并认为这是他们主导地位的部分理由。这意味着性别关系的合理化会随着时间而改变，例如，从将男性至上视为“自然法则”到将其视为女性经济劣势的结果。这也表明重新考虑男性气质和养家糊口角色之间的联系。