Abstract—

Information about the research activities conducted at the All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute (VTI) in the field of flexibility of steam power units at thermal power plants (TPPs) is given. Many of these activities were conducted jointly with specialists of Firm ORGRES, TsKTI, power machinery building works, and power plants. As a result of these activities, thermal cycle and starting process circuits, standardized technologies, and instructions on starting TPP power units for capacities of 200–800 MW and power units of combined heat and power plants (CHPPs) equipped with 100–250-MW turbines have been developed. An important line of activities on substantiating the power equipment’s flexibility characteristics was concerned with ensuring the thermal and cyclic strength of highly stressed parts of power-generating boilers and steam turbines, which led to the development of mathematical models of drums and boiler steam superheater outlet headers, steam lines, cylinders, and turbine rotors and the casings of high- and intermediate-pressure valves. Regulatory documents, technical requirements for power unit flexibility, starting fuel loss values, minimum loads and their variation rate within the adjustment range, keeping the power unit in the idle mode and in the mode of supplying power to in-house loads after full load rejection and generator disconnection from the grid, fast turbine valving, and the number of these operations were developed. Efforts aimed at improving the flexibility generated the need to automate the control and develop the appropriate process algorithms, the implementation of which has led to widespread introduction of microprocessor-based automated process control systems. Among the persons who made a great contribution in the arrangement and implementation of these activities were the leading specialists of VTI and the power industry V.B. Rubin, G.I. Moseev, E.R. Plotkin, B.I. Shmukler, A.L. Shvarts, N.I. Davydov, N.F. Komarov, E.N. Sergievskaya, V.F. Rezinskikh, A.Sh. Leizerovich, and others. The fundamental solutions adopted for steam power units were used in the last 20 years in elaborating the technology for starting combined cycle plants equipped with heat recovery steam generators. Among the totality of problems, the article addresses improvement of steam power unit flexibility, one of the basic lines the relevance of which is doubtless also at present.

中文翻译：

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提高火力发电厂蒸汽动力机组的灵活性和可靠性

摘要-

介绍了全俄热能工程研究所 (VTI) 在火力发电厂 (TPP) 蒸汽动力装置灵活性领域开展的研究活动。其中许多活动是与 ORGRES 公司、TsKTI、动力机械制造厂和发电厂的专家联合进行的。作为这些活动的结果，热循环和启动过程电路、标准化技术以及启动容量为 200-800 MW 的 TPP 发电机组和配备 100-250-MW 的热电联产电厂 (CHPP) 的发电机组的说明涡轮机已经开发出来。证实电力设备柔性特性的一项重要活动涉及确保发电锅炉和汽轮机的高应力部件的热强度和循环强度，这导致了汽包和锅炉蒸汽过热器出口集管、蒸汽管线、汽缸和涡轮转子以及高压和中压阀门外壳的数学模型的发展。法规文件、动力装置灵活性技术要求、启动油耗值、最小负载及其在调节范围内的变化率，保持动力装置处于空闲模式和满载甩负荷后向内部负载供电的模式和发电机从电网断开，快速涡轮阀门，以及这些操作的数量。旨在提高灵活性的努力产生了自动化控制和开发适当过程算法的需要，其实施导致广泛采用基于微处理器的自动化过程控制系统。在这些活动的安排和实施中做出巨大贡献的人中有 VTI 和电力行业的领先专家 VB Rubin、GI Moseev、ER Plotkin、BI Shmukler、AL Shvarts、NI Davydov、NF Komarov、EN Sergievskaya、 VF Rezinskikh, A.Sh. 莱泽罗维奇等。在过去的 20 年中，蒸汽发电机组采用的基本解决方案被用于启动配备热回收蒸汽发生器的联合循环设备的技术。在所有问题中，本文提出了提高蒸汽动力机组灵活性的基本思路之一，这无疑也是目前的相关问题。在这些活动的安排和实施中做出巨大贡献的人中有 VTI 和电力行业的领先专家 VB Rubin、GI Moseev、ER Plotkin、BI Shmukler、AL Shvarts、NI Davydov、NF Komarov、EN Sergievskaya、 VF Rezinskikh, A.Sh. 莱泽罗维奇等。在过去的 20 年中，蒸汽发电机组采用的基本解决方案被用于启动配备热回收蒸汽发生器的联合循环发电厂的技术。在所有问题中，本文提出了提高蒸汽动力机组灵活性的基本思路之一，这无疑也是目前的相关问题。在这些活动的安排和实施中做出巨大贡献的人中有 VTI 和电力行业的领先专家 VB Rubin、GI Moseev、ER Plotkin、BI Shmukler、AL Shvarts、NI Davydov、NF Komarov、EN Sergievskaya、 VF Rezinskikh, A.Sh. 莱泽罗维奇等。在过去的 20 年中，蒸汽发电机组采用的基本解决方案被用于启动配备热回收蒸汽发生器的联合循环发电厂的技术。在所有问题中，本文提出了提高蒸汽动力机组灵活性的基本思路之一，这无疑也是目前的相关问题。Moseev、ER Plotkin、BI Shmukler、AL Shvarts、NI Davydov、NF Komarov、EN Sergievskaya、VF Rezinskikh、A.Sh. 莱泽罗维奇等。在过去的 20 年中，蒸汽发电机组采用的基本解决方案被用于启动配备热回收蒸汽发生器的联合循环发电厂的技术。在所有问题中，本文提出了提高蒸汽动力机组灵活性的基本思路之一，这无疑也是目前的相关问题。Moseev、ER Plotkin、BI Shmukler、AL Shvarts、NI Davydov、NF Komarov、EN Sergievskaya、VF Rezinskikh、A.Sh. 莱泽罗维奇等。在过去的 20 年中，蒸汽发电机组采用的基本解决方案被用于启动配备热回收蒸汽发生器的联合循环发电厂的技术。在所有问题中，本文提出了提高蒸汽动力机组灵活性的基本思路之一，这无疑也是目前的相关问题。