Abstract

The history of the creation of gas-turbine units (GTU) is briefly stated. The first power-generating gas turbine was built by the Swiss company Brown Boveri in 1939. The efficiency of this gas turbine was 17.5%. The modern technical level of gas turbines is analyzed by the example of the most powerful of them (550–600 MW), produced by the four world power engineering firms: General Electric (United States), Siemens (Germany), Mitsubishi (Japan), and Ansaldo (Italy, Brown Boveri successor). The efficiency of such gas-turbine units has reached 44%, and combined-cycle gas turbines based on them have reached 63–64%. Their high efficiency is the result of the consistent development of science and technology: aerodynamics of turbomachines, high-temperature materials and designs of parts made of them with advanced cooling systems and new coatings, methods of forming such parts, and devices for low-emission combustion of fuels and control systems. The prospects for the development of gas-turbine engineering in the world are considered. The dependence of the unit cost of various types of gas turbines on their capacity is given. It is concluded that the use of the most powerful and economical gas turbines in the domestic electric power industry will allow for the reduction in fuel consumption for electricity generation by more than a third. The creation of the most advanced gas-turbine units in the country using the experience of domestic aviation gas turbine construction is necessary for the technical reequipment of the Russian electric power industry.

中文翻译：

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最强大的发电 GTU（评论）

摘要

简要说明了燃气轮机装置 (GTU) 的创建历史。1939 年，瑞士公司 Brown Boveri 建造了第一台发电燃气轮机。这台燃气轮机的效率为 17.5%。燃气轮机的现代技术水平以最强大的燃气轮机（550-600 MW）为例进行分析，这些燃气轮机由四大世界电力工程公司生产：通用电气（美国）、西门子（德国）、三菱（日本） ，和 Ansaldo（意大利，Brown Boveri 的继任者）。此类燃气轮机机组的效率已达到44%，基于它们的联合循环燃气轮机已达到63-64%。它们的高效率是科学技术不断发展的结果：涡轮机的空气动力学、高温材料以及由它们制成的具有先进冷却系统和新涂层的零件设计，形成这些部件的方法，以及用于燃料和控制系统的低排放燃烧的装置。展望了世界燃气轮机工程的发展前景。给出了各种类型燃气轮机的单位成本对其容量的依赖性。结论是，使用国内电力行业最强大、最经济的燃气轮机，将使发电燃料消耗减少三分之一以上。利用国内航空燃气轮机建设经验创建国内最先进的燃气轮机机组是俄罗斯电力工业技术改造的必要条件。展望了世界燃气轮机工程的发展前景。给出了各种类型燃气轮机的单位成本对其容量的依赖性。结论是，使用国内电力行业最强大、最经济的燃气轮机，将使发电燃料消耗减少三分之一以上。利用国内航空燃气轮机建设经验创建国内最先进的燃气轮机机组是俄罗斯电力工业技术改造的必要条件。展望了世界燃气轮机工程的发展前景。给出了各种类型燃气轮机的单位成本对其容量的依赖性。结论是，使用国内电力行业最强大、最经济的燃气轮机，将使发电燃料消耗减少三分之一以上。利用国内航空燃气轮机建设经验创建国内最先进的燃气轮机机组是俄罗斯电力工业技术改造的必要条件。结论是，使用国内电力行业最强大、最经济的燃气轮机，将使发电燃料消耗减少三分之一以上。利用国内航空燃气轮机建设经验创建国内最先进的燃气轮机机组是俄罗斯电力工业技术改造的必要条件。结论是，使用国内电力行业最强大、最经济的燃气轮机，将使发电燃料消耗减少三分之一以上。利用国内航空燃气轮机建设经验创建国内最先进的燃气轮机机组是俄罗斯电力工业技术改造的必要条件。