Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) does not provide information about changes in oxygenation in whole-brain areas. Although the branching vessels of the aortic arch are not always easy to identify using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), the blood flow status of cervical arteries can always be assessed by applying an ultrasound probe via the “ultrasound window” on the patient's neck, which can be ensured by devising alternative insertion approaches of the central venous catheter. This method is very simple but compensates for the limitations of the combination of NIRS and TEE, especially during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass management using selective cerebral perfusion.

近红外光谱 (NIRS) 不提供有关全脑区域氧合变化的信息。尽管使用经食管超声心动图 (TEE) 并不总是很容易识别主动脉弓的分支血管，但始终可以通过患者颈部的“超声窗口”应用超声探头来评估颈动脉的血流状态，这可以通过设计中心静脉导管的替代插入方法来确保。这种方法非常简单，但弥补了 NIRS 和 TEE 组合的局限性，特别是在使用选择性脑灌注进行体外循环管理的心脏手术期间。