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What Are Friends for in Russia Versus Canada?: An Approach for Documenting Cross-Cultural Differences
Cross-Cultural Research ( IF 2.178 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1177/10693971211024599
Marina M. Doucerain 1 , Andrew G. Ryder 2, 3 , Catherine E. Amiot 1
Affiliation  

Most research on friendship has been grounded in Western cultural worlds, a bias that needs to be addressed. To that end, we propose a methodological roadmap to translate linguistic/anthropological work into quantitative psychological cross-cultural investigations of friendship, and showcase its implementation in Russia and Canada. Adopting an intersubjective perspective on culture, we assessed cultural models of friendship in three inter-related ways: by (1) deriving people’s mental maps of close interpersonal relationships; (2) examining the factor structure of friendship; and (3) predicting cultural group membership from a given person’s friendship model. Two studies of Russians (Study 1, n = 89; Study 2a, n = 195; Study 2b, n = 232) and Canadians (Study 1, n = 89; Study 2a, n = 164; Study 2b, n = 199) implemented this approach. The notions of trust and help in adversity emerged as defining features of friendship in Russia but were less clearly present in Canada. Different friendship models seem to be prevalent in these two cultural worlds. The roadmap described in the current research documents these varying intersubjective representations, showcasing an approach that is portable across contexts (rather than limited to a specific cross-cultural contrast) and relies on well-established methods (i.e., easily accessible in many research contexts).



中文翻译:

俄罗斯与加拿大的朋友是什么?:记录跨文化差异的方法

大多数关于友谊的研究都以西方文化世界为基础,这一偏见需要解决。为此,我们提出了一个方法路线图,将语言/人类学工作转化为友谊的定量心理跨文化调查,并展示其在俄罗斯和加拿大的实施。我们采用主体间的文化视角,以三种相互关联的方式评估友谊的文化模型:(1)推导出人们对亲密人际关系的心理地图;(2)考察友谊的因素结构;(3) 根据给定的人的友谊模型预测文化群体成员资格。对俄罗斯人的两项研究(研究 1,n  = 89;研究 2a,n  = 195;研究 2b,n = 232)和加拿大人(研究 1,n  = 89;研究 2a,n  = 164;研究 2b,n  = 199)实施了这种方法。逆境中的信任和帮助的概念在俄罗斯成为友​​谊的定义特征,但在加拿大则不太明显。不同的友谊模式似乎在这两个文化世界中普遍存在。当前研究中描述的路线图记录了这些不同的主体间表示,展示了一种可以跨上下文(而不是仅限于特定的跨文化对比)并依赖于完善的方法(即,在许多研究上下文中易于访问)的方法.

更新日期:2021-06-16
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