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Protest, Bodies, and the Grounds of Memory: Taksim Square as ‘heritage site’ and the 2013 Gezi Protests
Heritage & Society Pub Date : 2016-07-02 , DOI: 10.1080/2159032x.2017.1301084
Christopher Whitehead 1 , Gönül Bozoğlu 1
Affiliation  

Abstract This paper examines heritage representations within the 2013 “Gezi” protests in Turkey, focusing on the contest over the historical, social, and political significance of Gezi Park in Taksim, Istanbul. Gezi Park is a multi-layered urban space, once associated with the Armenian community, then with the Ottoman military and finally, from the 1930s, with the modernist urbanism of the secular Republic. Prior to the protests, the conservative Islamist administration planned to erase and refashion Gezi Park as a site of neo-Ottoman nostalgia. While the protests were associated with ecological and civil society concerns, the contest between protestors and state actors was also characterized by competing mobilizations of histories and notions of legitimate heritage over a range of representational sites and forms, from political speeches to protestors’ performances. Combining an analysis of these representations with interview data we explore Taksim-Gezi as a site of “ground memories” that are selectively articulated and strategically renewed by different groups. The state attempt to erase and remake place in a specific historical image was countered by people's diverse mnemonic and socio-ideological relations to place histories, that became repertories for reaction. We argue that civil crises like protests may help us to understand and problematize the spatio-temporal, multi-relational articulations of heritage, and, vice versa, a view through heritage and memory opens critical exposures of socio-political conflict.

中文翻译:

抗议、尸体和记忆的理由:作为“遗产地”的塔克西姆广场和 2013 年的格子抗议

摘要 本文考察了 2013 年土耳其“盖兹”抗议活动中的遗产表征,重点关注伊斯坦布尔塔克西姆盖兹公园的历史、社会和政治意义的竞赛。Gezi Park 是一个多层次的城市空间,曾经与亚美尼亚社区、奥斯曼军队以及 1930 年代的世俗共和国的现代城市主义联系在一起。在抗议活动之前,保守的伊斯兰政府计划将盖兹公园抹去并重新打造为新奥斯曼帝国怀旧之地。虽然抗议活动与生态和公民社会问题有关,但抗议者与国家行为者之间的竞争也以在一系列代表性地点和形式上对历史和合法遗产概念的竞争动员为特征,从政治演讲到抗议者的表演。将这些表征的分析与访谈数据相结合,我们探索了 Taksim-Gezi 作为“地面记忆”的场所,不同群体有选择地表达和战略性地更新这些记忆。国家试图在特定的历史形象中抹去和重建地点,但人们对地点历史的各种记忆和社会意识形态关系的反击却成为了反应的储备。我们认为,像抗议这样的公民危机可以帮助我们理解和质疑遗产的时空、多关系表达,反之亦然,通过遗产和记忆的观点开启了社会政治冲突的批判性曝光。将这些表征的分析与访谈数据相结合,我们探索了 Taksim-Gezi 作为“地面记忆”的场所,不同群体有选择地表达和战略性地更新这些记忆。国家试图在特定的历史形象中抹去和重建地点,但人们对地点历史的各种记忆和社会意识形态关系的反击却成为了反应的储备。我们认为,像抗议这样的公民危机可以帮助我们理解和质疑遗产的时空、多关系表达,反之亦然,通过遗产和记忆的观点开启了社会政治冲突的批判性曝光。将这些表征的分析与访谈数据相结合,我们探索了 Taksim-Gezi 作为“地面记忆”的场所,不同群体有选择地表达和战略性地更新这些记忆。国家试图在特定的历史形象中抹去和重建地点,但人们对地点历史的各种记忆和社会意识形态关系的反击却成为了反应的储备。我们认为,像抗议这样的公民危机可以帮助我们理解和质疑遗产的时空、多关系表达,反之亦然,通过遗产和记忆的观点开启了社会政治冲突的批判性曝光。不同的记忆和社会意识形态关系来放置历史,这成为反应的剧目。我们认为,像抗议这样的公民危机可以帮助我们理解和质疑遗产的时空、多关系表达,反之亦然,通过遗产和记忆的观点开启了社会政治冲突的批判性曝光。不同的记忆和社会意识形态关系来放置历史,这成为反应的剧目。我们认为,像抗议这样的公民危机可以帮助我们理解和质疑遗产的时空、多关系表达,反之亦然,通过遗产和记忆的观点开启了社会政治冲突的批判性曝光。
更新日期:2016-07-02
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