Abstract In the second half of the nineteenth century Portugal undertook an ambitious public works programme in order to develop the kingdom. In that programme, railways took a leading role, especially those routes that linked the main ports of the shoreline to Spain (and thence to France). To do so, a strenuous effort of diplomacy – or more specifically technodiplomacy – was required to convince Spain to accept cross-border links that served the goals of Portugal. In this paper I will analyse this technodiplomatic process and how two countries with different technological perceptions of railways managed to settle their differences and build five transnational links across their borders over the course of 40 years. I aim to add to the debate about the Iberian cross-border links from the point of view of the history of technology, in particular, and to the discussion about transnational technological systems, in general.

中文翻译：

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19 世纪下半叶伊比利亚跨国铁路的技术外交

摘要 19 世纪下半叶，葡萄牙为了发展王国，进行了一项雄心勃勃的公共工程计划。在该计划中，铁路发挥了主导作用，尤其是那些将海岸线的主要港口与西班牙（进而与法国）连接起来的路线。为此，需要通过外交努力——或者更具体地说是技术外交——说服西班牙接受为葡萄牙目标服务的跨境联系。在本文中，我将分析这一技术外交进程，以及两个对铁路有着不同技术认知的国家如何在 40 年的时间里设法解决分歧并建立五个跨越国界的跨国联系。我的目标是从技术史的角度增加关于伊比利亚跨境联系的辩论，特别是，