ABSTRACT When urban planners from MIT and Harvard University began to design a new city in Venezuela in 1961, euphoria soon gave way to a skeptical appraisal of urban planning. Unrealistic ambitions, inadequate implementation, social tensions, and diverging interests by US American und Venezuelan experts complicated the building of Ciudad Guayana. The evolving city did not live up to initial expectations and remained a work in progress. Tracing the many voices involved including critics within the American team, helps understand the dynamics, challenges, and limitations of knowledge transfers in 1960s modernization programs. Scientific planning knowledge proved an unstable and less powerful commodity than Americans had expected. Problems on the ground took the gloss off the Western hegemonic scientific repertoire. They led to an appropriation of knowledge by Venezuelan experts who harnessed their US American counterparts to advance their own political aims.

中文翻译：

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寻找埃尔多拉多：美国专家和委内瑞拉瓜亚那地区的发展前景

摘要 当麻省理工学院和哈佛大学的城市规划师于 1961 年开始在委内瑞拉设计一座新城市时，欣喜若狂很快让位于对城市规划的怀疑评估。美国和委内瑞拉专家的不切实际的野心、不充分的实施、社会紧张局势和不同的利益使瓜亚纳城的建设复杂化。这座不断发展的城市没有达到最初的期望，仍在进行中。追踪包括美国团队内部批评者在内的许多声音，有助于了解 1960 年代现代化计划中知识转移的动态、挑战和局限性。事实证明，科学规划知识是一种不稳定且没有美国人预期的强大的商品。实际问题使西方霸权的科学曲目黯然失色。