Abstract The atmospheric resistance and solar radiation pressure are the main sources of non-gravitational perturbations in orbit determination and prediction of non-cooperative earth-orbiting objects. The calculation of both perturbation accelerations involves the satellite’s surface-mass ratio. Another factor affecting the accuracy of orbit determination and prediction is the sparse observation. In this paper, we examine the sensitivity of orbit prediction accuracy and orbit decay rate relative to surface-mass ratio. The influence of the space-based angle data to orbit determination was also analyzed. The results show that the error of orbit prediction is multiplied by the change of surface–mass ratio. The orbital error determined by using 7-minutes single-station ground-based radar data and 15-minutes double-space-based angle measurements is 63.77 m lower than that only determined by using single-station ground-based radar data. The space-based angle information greatly improves the observation geometry of the non-cooperative target and improves the precision of orbit determination. The position error of the inclined geosynchronous satellite determined by 3-days ground-based radar data is 323.49 m and the prediction error of 1-7 days is less than 1.0 km. Using 3-days ground-based radar data and single spaced-based angle measurement to determine the orbit of the medium-orbit satellite with an altitude of about 1000 km, the orbital accuracy is 14.66 m and the prediction error of 1-7 days is less than 50.00 m. To determine the orbit of the 280 km height satellite with, 1.5-days ground-based radar data and single space-based angle data, the position error is 270.37 m and the prediction error of 1-day is 1.70 km.

中文翻译：

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非合作绕地天体的轨道精度分析

摘要 大气阻力和太阳辐射压力是非合作地球轨道物体定轨和预测中非引力扰动的主要来源。两种扰动加速度的计算都涉及卫星的表面质量比。影响定轨预测精度的另一个因素是稀疏观测。在本文中，我们研究了轨道预测精度和轨道衰减率相对于表面质量比的敏感性。还分析了天基角度数据对定轨的影响。结果表明，轨道预测的误差乘以表面质量比的变化。使用7分钟单站地基雷达数据和15分钟双天基角度测量确定的轨道误差为63。比仅使用单站地面雷达数据确定的低 77 m。天基角度信息极大地改善了非合作目标的观测几何，提高了定轨精度。3天地基雷达数据确定的倾斜地球同步卫星位置误差为323.49 m，1-7天预测误差小于1.0 km。利用3天地基雷达数据和单空基测角确定高度约1000公里的中轨卫星轨道，轨道精度14.66米，1-7天预测误差为小于 50.00 m。用1.5天地基雷达数据和单天基角度数据确定280公里高度卫星的轨道，位置误差为270。