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On the Minimal Adequate Sampling Frequency of the Photoplethysmogram for Pulse Rate Monitoring and Heart Rate Variability Analysis in Mobile and Wearable Technology
Measurement Science Review ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 , DOI: 10.2478/msr-2019-0030
Szabolcs Béres 1 , Lőrinc Holczer 1 , László Hejjel 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Recently there has been great interest in photoplethysmogram signal processing. However, its minimally necessary sampling frequency for accurate heart rate variability parameters is ambiguous. In the present paper frequency-modulated 1.067 Hz cosine wave modelled the variable PPG in silico. The five-minute-long, 1 ms resolution master-signals were decimated (D) at 2-500 ms, then cubic spline interpolated (I) back to 1 ms resolution. The mean pulse rate, standard deviation, root mean square of successive pulse rate differences (RMSSD), and spectral components were computed by Varian 2.3 and compared to the master-series via relative accuracy error. Also Poincaré-plot morphology was assessed. Mean pulse rate is accurate down to 303 ms (D) and 400 ms (I). In low-variability series standard deviation required at least 5 ms (D) and 100 ms (I). RMSSD needed 10 ms (D), and 303 ms (I) in normal, whereas 2 ms (D) and 100 ms (I) in low- variability series. In the frequency domain 5 ms (D) and 100 ms (I) are required. 2 ms (D) and 100 ms (I) preserved the Poincaré-plot morphology. The minimal sampling frequency of PPG for accurate HRV analysis is higher than expected from the signal bandwidth and sampling theorem. Interpolation improves accuracy. The ratio of sampling error and expected variability should be considered besides the inherent sensitivity of the given parameter, the interpolation technique, and the pulse rate detection method.

中文翻译:

移动和可穿戴技术中用于脉率监测和心率变异性分析的光电容积脉搏波的最小采样频率

摘要 最近,人们对光体积描记信号处理产生了极大的兴趣。然而,其用于准确心率变异性参数的最低必要采样频率是不明确的。在本文中,频率调制的 1.067 Hz 余弦波在计算机上模拟了可变 PPG。5 分钟长、1 ms 分辨率的主信号在 2-500 ms 处被抽取 (D),然后三次样条插值 (I) 回到 1 ms 分辨率。平均脉率、标准偏差、连续脉率差的均方根 (RMSSD) 和频谱分量由 Varian 2.3 计算,并通过相对精度误差与主系列进行比较。还评估了庞加莱曲线形态。平均脉搏率精确到 303 ms (D) 和 400 ms (I)。在低变异系列中,标准偏差至少需要 5 ms (D) 和 100 ms (I)。RMSSD 在正常情况下需要 10 ms (D) 和 303 ms (I),而在低变异性系列中需要 2 ms (D) 和 100 ms (I)。在频域中需要 5 ms (D) 和 100 ms (I)。2 ms (D) 和 100 ms (I) 保留了庞加莱图形态。用于准确 HRV 分析的 PPG 的最小采样频率高于信号带宽和采样定理的预期。插值提高了准确性。除了给定参数的固有灵敏度、插值技术和脉率检测方法之外,还应考虑采样误差和预期变异的比率。用于准确 HRV 分析的 PPG 的最小采样频率高于信号带宽和采样定理的预期。插值提高了准确性。除了给定参数的固有灵敏度、插值技术和脉率检测方法之外,还应考虑采样误差和预期变异性的比率。用于准确 HRV 分析的 PPG 的最小采样频率高于信号带宽和采样定理的预期。插值提高了准确性。除了给定参数的固有灵敏度、插值技术和脉率检测方法之外,还应考虑采样误差和预期变异的比率。
更新日期:2019-10-01
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