Reflecting on the theme of this special issue it is useful to not only to be aware about how older people have often been forgotten about in thinking about the topic of home, but also that there has been a transformation of what old age means and how these changes have impacted on how societies see the older population. It is useful to remind ourselves that the generalised experience of later life through the institutionalisation of retirement is a relatively modern phenomenon (Phillipson 2013). It is not that the lower life expectancies of earlier centuries meant that there were no older people; there obviously were but not in sufficient numbers for there to be a normative expectation of old age (Thane 2007). It was only during the 20th century that the introduction of state retirement pensions, first for men and then for women, made the expectation of an old age defined by retirement a mass phenomenon. This did not mean that later life was transformed into a positive category of entitlement. Rather, the emergence D O I: 10 .1 08 0/ 17 40 63 15 .2 01 8. 16 90 29 7 HOME CULTURES VOLUME 15, ISSUE 3 PP 309–316 REPRINTS AVAILABLE DIRECTLY FROM THE PUBLISHERS PHOTOCOPYING PERMITTED BY LICENSE ONLY © 2019 INFORMA UK LIMITED, TRADING AS TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP.

中文翻译：

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后记：第三和第四时代背景下的家园

反思本期特刊的主题，不仅要意识到老年人在思考家庭话题时如何经常被遗忘，而且老年意味着什么以及这些意义如何发生转变，这些都是有益的。变化已经影响到社会如何看待老年人口。提醒自己，通过退休制度化对晚年生活的普遍体验是一种相对现代的现象（Phillipson 2013）。并不是说早期几个世纪的预期寿命较低意味着没有老年人；很明显，存在但没有足够数量的人对老年有规范的期望（Thane 2007）。直到 20 世纪才引入国家退休金，先是针对男性，然后是针对女性，由退休定义的老年期望成为一种大众现象。这并不意味着晚年生活变成了一种积极的应享权利。相反，DOI 的出现：10 .1 08 0/ 17 40 63 15 .2 01 8. 16 90 29 7 HOME CULTURES 第 15 卷，第 3 期 PP 309–316 重印可直接从 P2P 19 复制版上获得UK LIMITED，作为 TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP 进行交易。