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Vegetation History and Human Impact on the Environs of Tel Megiddo in the Bronze and Iron Ages: A Dendroarchaeological Analysis
Tel Aviv Pub Date : 2019-01-02 , DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1586383
Mordechay Benzaquen 1 , Israel Finkelstein 1 , Dafna Langgut 1
Affiliation  

A substantial amount of macro-botanical remains has been recorded at Tel Megiddo since the initiation of the renewed excavations in 1992. We constructed a database with 1,162 identified samples and analysed them diachronically. This dataset enables us to trace environmental trends and human impact on the vegetation in the vicinity of the site during the Bronze and Iron Ages (∼3,500–500 BCE). The earlier periods in the studied sequence are characterised by a higher availability of common natural arboreal elements (oak, conifers and terebinth) and the later periods by a dramatically reduced presence of these elements, with a much stronger occurrence of anthropogenically dependent species (olive), foreign species (cedar of Lebanon, sycamore fig), and less prevalent forest/maquis elements. Our investigation also provides some context for the appearance of both horticultural and rare/special species in the assemblage (almond, walnut, myrtle, laurel, sage). The appearance of prestigious species such as the imported cedar in one sector of the site (Area H) provides botanical support to other finds which rendered this area an elite neighbourhood.

中文翻译:

青铜器和铁器时代的植被历史和人类对 Tel Megiddo 环境的影响:树木考古分析

自 1992 年重新挖掘开始以来,在 Tel Megiddo 记录了大量大型植物遗骸。我们构建了一个包含 1,162 个已识别样本的数据库,并对其进行了历时分析。该数据集使我们能够追踪青铜器和铁器时代(约公元前 3,500-500 年)的环境趋势和人类对遗址附近植被的影响。研究序列中的早期阶段的特征是常见天然树栖元素(橡树、针叶树和 terebinth)的可用性更高,而后期则是这些元素的存在显着减少,人为依赖物种(橄榄)的发生率更高、外来物种(黎巴嫩雪松、美国梧桐无花果)和不太流行的森林/马基斯元素。我们的调查还为组合中园艺和稀有/特殊物种(杏仁、胡桃、桃金娘、月桂树、鼠尾草)的出现提供了一些背景信息。在该遗址的一个区域(H 区)出现了诸如进口雪松等著名物种,为其他发现提供了植物学支持,使该地区成为一个精英社区。
更新日期:2019-01-02
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