Biosystems ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104452 Ryo Tani 1 , Yoshiki Kashimori 1
Top-down processing in neocortex underlies functions such as prediction, expectation, and attention. Visual systems have much feedback connection that carries information of behavioral context. Top-down signals along feedback pathways modulate the representation of visual information in early visual areas such as primary visual cortex (V1). Recent studies have shown further that beta rhythms are responsible for the transmission of behavioral-context information to lower visual areas. However, the mechanism underlying top-down influence and the role of brain rhythms in top-down processing are poorly understood. To address these issues, we focus on experimental studies on top-down influence in visual perceptual tasks. We develop a model of visual system, in which early visual areas are subjected to top-down influence from a recognition area. We show that task-relevant information in early visual areas is regulated by a push-pull effect, produced by somatostatin-expressing interneurons and top-down signal. We also show that task-context information is coordinated by the phase-phase coupling of beta rhythms, while the local, task-relevant stimulus features are enhanced by the phase-amplitude coupling of beta and gamma rhythms. Furthermore, the feedback from a higher visual area such as secondary visual area facilitates the gating of task-relevant information in V1. The results provide insights to understanding the roles of inhibitory interneurons and brain rhythms in top-down influence on information processing in early visual areas.
中文翻译:
中间神经元和脑节律对 V1 反应的自上而下影响的协调
新皮质中自上而下的处理是预测、期望和注意力等功能的基础。视觉系统有很多带有行为上下文信息的反馈连接。沿着反馈通路的自上而下的信号调节早期视觉区域(如初级视觉皮层 (V1))中视觉信息的表示。最近的研究进一步表明,β 节律负责将行为上下文信息传输到较低的视觉区域。然而,自上而下影响的机制和大脑节律在自上而下处理中的作用知之甚少。为了解决这些问题,我们专注于对视觉感知任务中自上而下影响的实验研究。我们开发了一个视觉系统模型,其中早期的视觉区域受到识别区域的自上而下的影响。我们表明早期视觉区域中与任务相关的信息受推拉效应的调节,该效应由表达生长抑素的中间神经元和自上而下的信号产生。我们还表明,任务上下文信息是由 β 节律的相位-相位耦合协调的,而局部的、与任务相关的刺激特征通过 β 和 γ 节律的相位-幅度耦合得到增强。此外,来自更高视觉区域(例如次级视觉区域)的反馈有助于 V1 中任务相关信息的门控。结果为理解抑制性中间神经元和脑节律在早期视觉区域中自上而下影响信息处理的作用提供了见解。由表达生长抑素的中间神经元和自上而下的信号产生。我们还表明,任务上下文信息是由 β 节律的相位-相位耦合协调的,而局部的、与任务相关的刺激特征通过 β 和 γ 节律的相位-幅度耦合得到增强。此外,来自更高视觉区域(例如次级视觉区域)的反馈有助于 V1 中任务相关信息的门控。结果为理解抑制性中间神经元和脑节律在早期视觉区域中自上而下影响信息处理的作用提供了见解。由表达生长抑素的中间神经元和自上而下的信号产生。我们还表明,任务上下文信息是由 β 节律的相位-相位耦合协调的,而局部的、与任务相关的刺激特征通过 β 和 γ 节律的相位-幅度耦合得到增强。此外,来自更高视觉区域(例如次级视觉区域)的反馈有助于 V1 中任务相关信息的门控。结果为理解抑制性中间神经元和脑节律在早期视觉区域中自上而下影响信息处理的作用提供了见解。来自更高视觉区域(例如次级视觉区域)的反馈有助于 V1 中与任务相关的信息的门控。结果为理解抑制性中间神经元和脑节律在早期视觉区域中自上而下影响信息处理的作用提供了见解。来自更高视觉区域(例如次级视觉区域)的反馈有助于 V1 中与任务相关的信息的门控。结果为理解抑制性中间神经元和脑节律在早期视觉区域中自上而下影响信息处理的作用提供了见解。