The adaptive value of chromosomal inversions continues raising relevant questions in evolutionary biology. In many species of the Drosophila genus, different inversions have been recognized to be related to thermal adaptation, but it is necessary to determine to which specific climatic variables the inversions are adaptive. With this aim, the behavior of thermal adapted inversions of Drosophila subobscura regarding climatic variables was studied in the natural population of Avala (Serbia) during the 2014–2017 period. The results obtained were compared with those previously reported in the Font Groga (Barcelona, Spain) population, which presents different climatic and environmental conditions. In both populations, it was observed that most thermal adapted inversions were significantly associated with the first, second or both principal components, which were related with maximum, minimum and mean temperatures. Moreover, a significant increase over years (2004–2017) for the minimum temperature was detected. In parallel, a significant variation over time in Avala was only observed for the frequencies of ‘warm’ and ‘non-thermal’ adapted inversions of the U chromosome. However, stability in the chromosomal inversion polymorphism was observed for the 2014–2017 period which might result from the temporal span of the study and/or selective process acting on the population.

染色体倒位的适应性价值继续在进化生物学中提出相关问题。在果蝇属的许多物种中，已经认识到不同的倒转与热适应有关，但有必要确定倒转对哪些特定的气候变量是适应性的。出于这个目的，Drosophila subobscura的热适应倒置的行为2014-2017 年期间，对 Avala（塞尔维亚）的自然种群进行了关于气候变量的研究。获得的结果与先前在 Font Groga（西班牙巴塞罗那）人群中报告的结果进行了比较，后者呈现出不同的气候和环境条件。在这两个群体中，观察到大多数热适应逆温与第一、第二或两个主成分显着相关，这些主成分与最高、最低和平均温度相关。此外，检测到最低温度在过去几年（2004-2017 年）显着增加。与此同时，仅在 U 染色体的“暖”和“非热”适应倒置频率上观察到 Avala 随时间的显着变化。然而，