Background

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), also called Dyspraxia, is a common Neurodevelopmental Disorder (NDD) that affects motor coordination with a marked impact on both academic and day-to-day living activities. It is increasingly clear that NDDs such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder may present differently in males and females, resulting in underdiagnoses of women and girls. Aims: To consider age and gender differences in the presentation of at-risk and probable DCD. Methods and Procedures: A sample of 1,476 adults aged 16–60 years were surveyed online using the Adult DCD Checklist.

Outcomes and results

Women with at-risk (n = 1 8 6, 1 6. 6 %) or probable DCD (n = 6 4 3, 5 6. 6 %) reported significantly greater gross motor and non-motor difficulties and significantly greater impact on activities and participation, whereas men with at-risk (n = 58,16.3 %) or probable (n = 177,49.9 %), DCD reported significantly greater fine motor difficulties. Emerging adults (aged 16−25 years) with at-risk (n = 65,14.3 %) or probable (293,64.3 %) DCD reported significantly greater non-motor difficulty than adults (aged 26−60+ years) with at-risk (n = 179,17.5 %) or probable (n = 518, 50.8 %) DCD.

Conclusions and implications

Both age and gender differences were found in the presentation of at-risk and probable DCD in adults. This may have implications for the development of future DCD assessment tools and for the training of front-line staff who may encounter individuals with DCD throughout their lives, including teachers, doctors and employers’ Human Resources and Occupational Health staff.

中文翻译：

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成人存在风险或可能的发育性协调障碍的性别和年龄差异

背景

发育协调障碍 (DCD)，也称为运动障碍，是一种常见的神经发育障碍 (NDD)，它影响运动协调，对学业和日常生活活动产生显着影响。越来越清楚的是，注意力缺陷/多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍等 NDD 在男性和女性中的表现可能不同，导致对女性和女孩的诊断不足。目的：考虑年龄和性别差异在高危和可能 DCD 的表现中。方法和程序：使用成人 DCD 检查表在线调查了 1,476 名 16-60 岁成年人的样本。

结果和结果

有风险 (n = 1 8 6, 1 6. 6 %) 或可能患有 DCD (n = 6 4 3, 5 6. 6 %) 的女性报告严重运动和非运动困难明显更大，对活动的影响也明显更大和参与，而有风险 (n = 58,16.3 %) 或可能 (n = 177,49.9 %) 的男性，DCD 报告的精细运动困难明显更大。具有高危 (n = 65,14.3 %) 或可能 (293,64.3 %) DCD 的新兴成年人（16-25 岁）报告的非运动困难明显高于患有以下疾病的成年人（26-60 岁以上）风险 (n = 179,17.5 %) 或可能 (n = 518, 50.8 %) DCD。

结论和影响

在成人有风险和可能患有 DCD 的表现中发现了年龄和性别差异。这可能对未来 DCD 评估工具的开发以及对可能在一生中遇到 DCD 患者的一线员工的培训产生影响，包括教师、医生和雇主的人力资源和职业健康人员。