Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide. Most cases of death from PCa are due to metastasis. Early stages of metastasis are mediated by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process through which cancer cells acquire motility and invasive characteristics. Thus, more potent and novel therapeutic strategies must be designed based on the inhibition of EMT or metastasis. Herein, we employ a co-culture system to evaluate the anti-EMT effects of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) on LNCaP PCa cells. The RNA of treated (sample) and untreated cancer cells (control) and whole-cell lysates of related cells were prepared and analysed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. Based on the results, the expression of vimentin, Snail and Zeb1 in LNCaP cells decreased and the expression of E-cadherin increased after treatment with hAMSCs. Furthermore, induction of the cellular apoptosis in LNCaP cells was detected. The anti-cancer activity of conditioned medium from hAMSCs was shown using hanging drop technique (a 3D cell culture model). Our findings support the idea that stem cells can be considered as a novel therapeutic approach to inhibit prostate cancer cells.

中文翻译：

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基于2D和3D细胞培养模型评估人羊膜间充质基质细胞分泌组对LNCaP前列腺癌细胞凋亡诱导和上皮间充质转化抑制的影响

前列腺癌 (PCa) 是全球男性中第二大流行癌症。大多数 PCa 死亡病例是由于转移所致。转移的早期阶段由上皮间质转化 (EMT) 过程介导，癌细胞通过该过程获得运动性和侵袭性特征。因此，必须基于抑制 EMT 或转移来设计更有效和新颖的治疗策略。在此，我们采用共培养系统来评估人羊膜间充质基质细胞 (hAMSCs) 对 LNCaP PCa 细胞的抗 EMT 作用。分别通过定量实时聚合酶链反应 (qRT-PCR) 和蛋白质印迹制备和分析处理过的（样品）和未处理的癌细胞（对照）和相关细胞的全细胞裂解物的 RNA。根据结果​​，波形蛋白的表达，hAMSCs处理后LNCaP细胞中Snail和Zeb1降低，E-cadherin表达增加。此外，检测到 LNCaP 细胞中细胞凋亡的诱导。使用悬滴技术（3D 细胞培养模型）显示了来自 hAMSC 的条件培养基的抗癌活性。我们的研究结果支持干细胞可以被视为抑制前列腺癌细胞的新型治疗方法的观点。