Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has grown as a group of advanced analytical techniques that allow for the direct sampling and ionization of the analytes in different statuses from their native environment without or with minimum sample pretreatments. As a significant category of AMS, plasma-based AMS has gained a lot of attention due to its features that allow rapid, real-time, high-throughput, in vivo, and in situ analysis in various fields, including bioanalysis, pharmaceuticals, forensics, food safety, and mass spectrometry imaging. Tens of new methods have been developed since the introduction of the first plasma-based AMS technique direct analysis in real-time. This review first provides a comprehensive overview of the established plasma-based AMS techniques from their ion source configurations, mechanisms, and developments. Then, the progress of the representative applications in various scientific fields in the past 4 years (January 2017 to January 2021) has been summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and propose the future directions of plasma-based AMS from our perspective.

中文翻译：

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基于等离子体的环境质谱：最新进展和应用

环境质谱法 (AMS) 已经发展成为一组先进的分析技术，允许直接采样和电离来自其自然环境的不同状态的分析物，而无需或只需最少的样品预处理。作为AMS的一个重要类别，基于等离子体的AMS因其可以在生物分析、制药、法医学等各个领域进行快速、实时、高通量、体内和原位分析的特点而受到广泛关注。 、食品安全和质谱成像。自从引入第一个基于等离子体的 AMS 技术直接实时分析以来，已经开发了数十种新方法。本综述首先从离子源配置、机制和发展的角度全面概述了已建立的基于等离子体的 AMS 技术。然后，总结了过去4年（2017年1月至2021年1月）各科学领域的代表性应用进展情况。最后，我们讨论了当前的挑战，并从我们的角度提出了基于等离子体的 AMS 的未来方向。