This article presents the experimental characterization of the first self-started closed-loop system for the generation of microwave harmonics using a long-wavelength VCSEL modulated in a gain-switched regime. A 15-GHz microwave signal is generated with a phase noise of −104 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz from the carrier when the fundamental frequency is $f_0=2.5$ GHz. The side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) for all the microwave frequencies generated is higher than 30 dB. We propose a predictive model to estimate the phase noise of the fundamental oscillating frequency, considering the noise contributions of each loop component. Several simulation scenarios are included to demonstrate the significant influence of the electrical power, the laser frequency noise, and the optical fiber dispersion over the phase noise performance. We also present the carrier-to-noise ratio deterioration of the microwave harmonics distributed through an optical fiber link.

本文介绍了第一个使用在增益切换机制中调制的长波长 VCSEL 来生成微波谐波的自启动闭环系统的实验特性。当基频为 10 kHz 时，15 GHz 微波信号产生的相位噪声为 -104 dBc/Hz$F_0=2.5$吉赫兹。产生的所有微波频率的边模抑制比 (SMSR) 都高于 30 dB。我们提出了一个预测模型来估计基本振荡频率的相位噪声，同时考虑到每个环路组件的噪声贡献。包括几个模拟场景来演示电功率、激光频率噪声和光纤色散对相位噪声性能的显着影响。我们还介绍了通过光纤链路分布的微波谐波的载噪比恶化。