1 The Gilets Noirs are a daring and demanding direct action movement of undocumented migrants, predominantly from France’s former African colonies, many of whom are working in France in precarious and exploitative conditions. They are fighting for their rights and an amnesty that would grant them residence status so they can legally live and work in France. 2 A campaign for Adama Traoré, a 24-year-old Parisian who died from asphyxiation while in police custody in August 2016. Since then, his sister Assa has been fighting to raise awareness about police brutality and to find out what happened to her brother. 3 L’Hexagone refers to metropolitan France’s shape, with three land and three sea borders. 4 An Antillean Creole term for white European settlers and their descendants. 5 The period after the second world war when Martinique, Réunion, Guadeloupe and French Guiana were legally changed to hold the same legal status as the ninety-six metropolitan departments – administrative regions of France.

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评论：超越这些墙：重新思考美国的犯罪和惩罚，托尼·普拉特 (Tony Platt)

1 Gilets Noirs 是无证移民的大胆而苛刻的直接行动，主要来自法国的前非洲殖民地，其中许多人在不稳定和剥削性的条件下在法国工作。他们正在为自己的权利和大赦而奋斗，这将使他们获得居留身份，以便他们可以在法国合法生活和工作。2 阿达玛·特拉奥雷 (Adama Traoré) 是一名 24 岁的巴黎人，她于 2016 年 8 月在警察拘留期间因窒息死亡。从那时起，他的妹妹阿萨一直在努力提高人们对警察暴行的认识，并找出她兄弟的下落. 3 L'Hexagone 指的是法国大都市的形状，具有三个陆地和三个海洋边界。4 一个安的列斯克里奥尔语，指的是欧洲白人定居者及其后代。5 二战后马提尼克、留尼汪、