Most punishment theorists seem to accept the following claim: punishment is intended to harm the punishee. A significant minority of punishment theorists reject the claim, though. I defend the claim from objections, focusing mostly on recent objections that haven’t gotten much attention. My objective is to reinforce the already strong case for the intentions claim. I first clarify what advocates of the intentions claim mean by it and state the standard argument for it. Then I critically discuss a wide variety of objections to the claim and to the standard argument for it.

中文翻译：

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惩罚意图

大多数惩罚理论家似乎接受以下主张：惩罚旨在伤害被惩罚者。不过，少数惩罚理论家拒绝接受这一说法。我为反对意见辩护，主要关注最近没有引起太多关注的反对意见。我的目标是加强意图声明已经很充分的理由。我首先澄清意图主张的拥护者所指的是什么，并陈述它的标准论点。然后我批判性地讨论了对该主张及其标准论点的各种反对意见。