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Gene-ecological zonation and population genetic structure of Tectona grandis L.f. in India revealed by genome-wide SSR markers
Tree Genetics & Genomes ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s11295-021-01514-x
Swathi Balakrishnan , Suma Arun Dev , Ambothi Rathnasamy Sakthi , Balasubramanian Vikashini , Reshma Bhasker T , Nochyil Sivan Magesh , Yasodha Ramasamy

Population genomics determines the evolutionary potential of a species by decoding the genetic structure and diversity of populations from diverse eco-geographical gradients. Tectona grandis L.f., being a tropical timber tree species distributed in diverse environmental and geographical conditions, is more responsive to local adaptation. This study investigates the extent of genetic variation of teak natural populations in India using genome-wide SSR markers, thereby identifying the role of isolation by distance and environment in shaping genetic structure. Bottleneck effect along with genetic drift and local adaptation shaped the genetic structure of populations which formed three gene-ecological zones, namely, Kerala, Tamil Nadu-Karnataka, and Karnataka, Central India (Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh). Historical gene flow was greater as compared to recent gene flow indicating habitat loss and fragmentation in framing the present population structure of natural teak populations. Genetic diversity of teak populations in India was guided by joint influence of environmental variables and geographical factors. Decline in the genetic diversity of populations in west–east pattern was perceived. Further, more than one area in the Western Ghats acted as refugia during glacial period. The populations/genotypes with higher private or adaptive alleles could be targeted for sustainable management, conservation, and genetic improvement of teak genetic resources in the country. Niche modelling identified central Indian populations to be more vulnerable to climate change and probable shift in the distribution pattern of the species in the ensuing years.



中文翻译:

全基因组SSR标记揭示印度Tectona grandis Lf的基因生态区带和种群遗传结构

种群基因组学通过解码来自不同生态地理梯度的种群的遗传结构和多样性来确定物种的进化潜力。大构造Lf 是一种分布在不同环境和地理条件下的热带用材树种,对当地适应性更敏感。本研究使用全基因组 SSR 标记调查了印度柚木自然种群的遗传变异程度,从而确定距离和环境隔离在塑造遗传结构中的作用。瓶颈效应以及遗传漂变和局部适应塑造了种群的遗传结构,形成了三个基因生态区,即喀拉拉邦、泰米尔纳德邦-卡纳塔克邦和印度中部卡纳塔克邦(古吉拉特邦和中央邦)。与最近的基因流相比,历史基因流更大,表明在构建天然柚木种群的当前种群结构时栖息地丧失和破碎。印度柚木种群的遗传多样性受到环境变量和地理因素的共同影响。人们认为东西方模式种群的遗传多样性下降。此外,在冰川期,西高止山脉不止一个地区成为避难所。具有较高私有或适应性等位基因的种群/基因型可以作为该国柚木遗传资源的可持续管理、保护和遗传改良的目标。生态位模型确定印度中部人口更容易受到气候变化的影响,并且在随后的几年中该物种的分布模式可能发生变化。在冰川时期,西高止山脉不止一处地区成为避难所。具有较高私有或适应性等位基因的种群/基因型可以作为该国柚木遗传资源的可持续管理、保护和遗传改良的目标。生态位模型确定印度中部人口更容易受到气候变化的影响,并且在随后的几年中该物种的分布模式可能发生变化。在冰川时期,西高止山脉不止一处地区成为避难所。具有较高私有或适应性等位基因的种群/基因型可以作为该国柚木遗传资源的可持续管理、保护和遗传改良的目标。生态位模型确定印度中部人口更容易受到气候变化的影响,并且在随后的几年中该物种的分布模式可能发生变化。

更新日期:2021-06-13
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