Optimization of water distribution networks can effectively reduce their annual cost, which includes the average investment for each year the operational costs and depreciation costs. However, the existing optimization models rarely directly consider the basic flow of each node in case of accidents, such as pipe bursts. Therefore, it is necessary to check the flow requirements under accident conditions. In order to deal with these drawbacks, two optimization models are established considering accident conditions: a single-objective optimization model considering annual cost as an economic objective, and a multi-objective optimization model with a reliability objective defined by the surplus water head. These models are solved based on the genetic algorithm, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II algorithm and Levenberg-Marquardt iterative method. Applying two cases of a single pump station and a multi pump water station water supply, it is shown that the annual cost when considering the accident conditions is higher than that without considering the accident conditions. Moreover, the annual cost obtained with the multi-objective optimization model is slightly higher than that obtained with the single-objective optimization model. The cost is higher because the former model reduces the average surplus water head, which can improve the water distribution network reliability. Therefore, the model and optimization algorithm proposed in this paper can provide a general and fast optimization tool for water distribution network optimization.

中文翻译：

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考虑事故的配水管网优化新方法

优化配水管网可以有效降低其年度成本，其中包括每年平均投资的运营成本和折旧成本。然而，现有的优化模型很少直接考虑每个节点的基本流量，以防发生管道爆裂等事故。因此，有必要检查事故工况下的流量要求。针对这些缺点，建立了两种考虑事故工况的优化模型：以年成本为经济目标的单目标优化模型和以剩余水头定义可靠性目标的多目标优化模型。这些模型是基于遗传算法求解的，非支配排序遗传算法-II算法和Levenberg-Marquardt迭代法。应用单泵站和多泵水站供水两种情况表明，考虑事故工况的年成本高于不考虑事故工况的年成本。而且，多目标优化模型获得的年成本略高于单目标优化模型获得的成本。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。应用单泵站和多泵水站供水两种情况表明，考虑事故工况的年成本高于不考虑事故工况的年成本。而且，多目标优化模型获得的年成本略高于单目标优化模型获得的成本。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。应用单泵站和多泵水站供水两种情况表明，考虑事故工况的年成本高于不考虑事故工况的年成本。而且，多目标优化模型获得的年成本略高于单目标优化模型获得的成本。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。结果表明，考虑事故工况的年成本高于不考虑事故工况的成本。而且，多目标优化模型获得的年成本略高于单目标优化模型获得的成本。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。结果表明，考虑事故工况的年成本高于不考虑事故工况的成本。而且，多目标优化模型获得的年成本略高于单目标优化模型获得的成本。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。成本较高，因为前一种模型降低了平均剩余水头，可以提高配水管网的可靠性。因此，本文提出的模型和优化算法可为配水管网优化提供通用且快速的优化工具。