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Gut Microbiome Composition and Serum Metabolome Profile Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury and Normal Glucose Tolerance or Prediabetes/Type 2 Diabetes
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.03.043
Jia Li 1 , Casey Morrow 2 , Stephen Barnes 3 , Landon Wilson 3 , Erika D Womack 1 , Amie McLain 1 , Ceren Yarar-Fisher 1
Affiliation  

Objective

To compare the gut microbiome composition and serum metabolome profile among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (preDM/T2D).

Design

Cross-sectional design.

Setting

Research university.

Participants

A total of 25 adults (N=25) with SCI were included in the analysis and categorized as NGT (n=16) or preDM/T2D (n=9) based on their glucose concentration at minute 120 during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The American Diabetes Association diagnosis guideline was used for grouping participants.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

A stool sample was collected and used to assess the gut microbiome composition (alpha and beta diversity, microbial abundance) via the 16s ribosomal RNA sequencing technique. A fasting serum sample was used for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry–based untargeted metabolomics analysis, the results from which reflect the relative quantity of metabolites detected and identified. Gut microbiome and metabolomics data were analyzed by the Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology 2 and Metaboanalyst platforms, respectively.

Results

Gut microbiome alpha diversity (Pielou's evenness index, Shannon's index) and beta diversity (weighted UniFrac distances) differed between groups. Compared with participants with NGT, participants with preDM/T2D had less evenness in microbial communities. In particular, those with preDM/T2D had a lower abundance of the Clostridiales order and higher abundance of the Akkermansia genus, as well as higher serum levels of gut-derived metabolites, including indoxyl sulfate and phenylacetylglutamine (P < .05 for all).

Conclusions

Our results provide evidence for altered gut microbiome composition and dysregulation of gut-derived metabolites in participants with SCI and preDM/T2D. Both indoxyl sulfate and phenylacetylglutamine have been implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases in the able-bodied population. These findings may inform future investigations in the field of SCI and cardiometabolic health.



中文翻译:

脊髓损伤和葡萄糖耐量正常或糖尿病前期/2型糖尿病患者的肠道微生物组组成和血清代谢组谱

客观的

比较脊髓损伤 (SCI) 和葡萄糖耐量正常 (NGT) 或前驱糖尿病/2 型糖尿病 (preDM/T2D) 个体的肠道微生物组组成和血清代谢组谱。

设计

横截面设计。

环境

研究型大学。

参与者

共有 25 名患有 SCI 的成年人 (N=25) 被纳入分析,并根据他们在 75-g 口服葡萄糖期间第 120 分钟的葡萄糖浓度分类为 NGT (n=16) 或 preDM/T2D (n=9)耐受性测试。美国糖尿病协会诊断指南用于对参与者进行分组。

干预措施

不适用。

主要观察指标

收集粪便样本并用于通过 16s 核糖体 RNA 测序技术评估肠道微生物组组成(α 和 β 多样性、微生物丰度)。空腹血清样本用于基于液相色谱-质谱的非靶向代谢组学分析,其结果反映了检测和鉴定的代谢物的相对数量。肠道微生物组和代谢组学数据分别通过 Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology 2 和 Metaboanalyst 平台进行分析。

结果

肠道微生物组 α 多样性(Pielou 均匀度指数、香农指数)和 β 多样性(加权 UniFrac 距离)在各组之间存在差异。与 NGT 参与者相比,preDM/T2D 参与者的微生物群落均匀度较低。特别是,患有 preDM/T2D 的患者梭菌目丰度较低,阿克曼氏菌属丰度较高以及肠道衍生代谢物(包括硫酸吲哚酚和苯乙酰谷氨酰胺)的血清水平较高(均P < .05)。

结论

我们的研究结果为 SCI 和 preDM/T2D 参与者的肠道微生物组组成改变和肠道衍生代谢物失调提供了证据。硫酸吲哚酚和苯乙酰谷氨酰胺都与健全人群心血管疾病的发展有关。这些发现可能会为未来在 SCI 和心脏代谢健康领域的研究提供信息。

更新日期:2021-06-12
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